Lesson 3: History of Globalization

Silk roads

ancient network of trade routes that connect the east and the west. These routes have been useful to carry out goods and services

Silk

one of the most common products for trading at that time. This is a fiber obtained from silkworms which can be woven into textiles

Europeans

They were recognized worldwide by building trade connections on their own terms, bringing their culture to different regions by settling vast areas, and defined the ways in which different people were to interact with each other

spices

This was the main focus of the Islamic trade in the Middle Aged

steam engine

the highlight of the first industrial revolution

Industrial revolution

the far reaching transformation of British Society that occurred between the mid-18 th and mid-19 th centuries

trains and steamships

could transport goods, both within countries and across countries

reefer ship

refrigerated cargo ship

First industrial revolution

traversed around 1760 to 1840. It is triggered by the invention of steam engine and construction of railroads

Second industrial revolution

started in the late 19 th century and into the early 20 th century, made mass production possible, fostered by the advent of electricity and the assembly line

Third industrial revolution

began in the 1960’s. It is usually called the computer or the digital revolution because it was catalyzed be the development of semi-conductors, main frame computing and the internet

Globalization 2.0

It is characterized by a much more present mobile internet, by smaller and more powerful sensors that have become cheaper, and by artificial intelligence and machine learning

Digital economy

in its early years during the 3 rd wave of globalization, is now becoming a strength to reckon with through 3D printing, digital services, and e-commerce

Pollution

often leads to extreme weather events in another. This has a further
devastating effect not just on the world’s biodiversity, but also in its capacity to cope
with hazardous greenhouse gas emissions.