ch. 1 - study of personality

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20 Terms

1

psychological triad

behaviour, thoughts, emotions

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2

personality

characetrstic patterns of thinking, feeling, behaviong together w psychological mehcanisms behind the patterns

  • unique and relatively consistent patterns

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3

personality psychology

the study of personality → aims to describe the whole person

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4

behavioural genetics

finding genetic basis for difference in behaviour → epigenetics

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5

heritability

statistic that estimates degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population due to genetic variation

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6

heritability coefficient

  • heritability coefficient → percentage of the variance of a trait attributed to variance in genes

    • crude estimate = twice the difference in corellation between mz and dz twins (falconer’s formula)

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7

neurotransmitter

chemical which sends message between neurons → trigger certain actions

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8

dopamine

  • how sensistive someone is to incentives and rewards (higher = more motivation)

    • socialbility, activity level, novelty seeking

    • dopamine = extraversion

    • tied to positive emotionality and openess

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9

serotonin

  • seratonin → low levels = irritanility and volatile emotions

    • role in inhibition (worry, anger, sensistivty)

    • ssris = more extraverted, less neurotic, happier, less hostile

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10

authoritarian parenting

demanding, not responsive

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11

authoritative parenting

reasonably demanding but responsive

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12

permissive parenting

undemanding, unresponsive (too responsiuve?)

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13

uninvolved/neglectful

also undemanding, unresponsive

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14

culture

the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group.

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15

popol vuh

book of the people

  • latinx Simpatia → agreeableness and avoiding interpersonal conflict - harmonious/group orientation

    • working fir group of family ratyher than self - Popol Vuh

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16

trait perspective

identifying, describing, measuring specific traits that make up personality

  • ex. OCEAN approach

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17

biological approach

perosnality comes from genetic predisposityion → sensistivity to neurotransmitters, etc

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18

psychodynamic approach

unconscious mind → early childhood events cause unconscious thoughts etc, causing behaviour

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19

phenomological approach

take human experience or subjectivity as their primary focus. Phenomenological theorists assert that obtaining accurate knowledge of another person requires understanding how that person experiences the world.

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20

learning/cognitive approach

Cognitive theories of personality focus on an individual's self-perception, thoughts, what they value, and attitude toward life events. They assert that a person's thoughts influence emotions and thus are instrumental in the development of personality.

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