All AP Bio Vocab Words

glucose

six-carbon monosaccharide; used as an energy source during cellular respiration and as a monomer of the structural polysaccharides

ribose

pentose sugar found in RNA

deoxyribose

pentose sugar found in DNA

inorganic chemistry

branch of science that studies the chemical reactions and properties of all of the elements except hydrogen and carbon

biomolecules

organic molecule such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats

functional groups

specific cluster of atoms attached to the carbon skeleton of organic molecules that enters into reactions and behaves in a predictable way

isomers

molecules with the same molecules formula but a different structure, and therefore a different shape

polymer

macromolecule consisting of covalently bonded molecules

monomers

small molecule that is a subunit of a polymer

dehyrdation reaction

chemical reactions in which a water molecule is released during the formation of a covalent bond

hydrolysis reaction

splitting of a chemical bond by the addition of water, with the H+ going to one molecule and the OH- going to the other

monosaccharide

simple sugar; a carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by hydrolysis

disaccharide

sugar that contains two monosaccharide units

organic chemistry

branch of science that deals with organic molecules, including those that are unique to living organisms