MODULE 0: PSYCHOLOGY & RESEARCH

What is psychology?

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

What are the goals of psychology?

To describe, explain, predict, and change behavior.

What are the limitations of correlational studies?

They cannot prove cause and effect.

Why can correlation not prove causation?

Another factor may explain the relationship, or we cannot know which variable caused the other.

In what ways do humans differ from other animals?

Humans have advanced language, self-awareness, imagination, complex culture, abstract thinking, and the ability to think about meaning and the future.

What abilities do humans share with other animals?

Some animals can use tools, communicate, show emotions, form bonds, and learn.

What is a psychiatrist?

A medical doctor who treats mental disorders and can prescribe medication.

What is a psychologist?

A professional who studies behavior and mental processes and provides research and therapy.

What is a counselor?

A professional who helps people with personal, emotional, academic, or relationship problems.

What is an independent variable?

The variable the researcher changes.

What is a dependent variable?

The variable the researcher measures.

In an experiment, what does the dependent variable do?

It shows the results being measured.

What factors must be present to determine cause and effect?

Random assignment and manipulation of the independent variable

What does correlation mean in cause-and-effect research?

The variables are related.