Unit 9: Agriculture

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18 Terms

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fertilizer

a substance that helps plants grow better by enriching the soil

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harvest

the collection of ripe crops from the field

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greenhouse

a glass structure used for growing plants under controlled conditions

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irrigation

a method of watering crops using artificial means

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organic farming

a natural method of farming that avoids synthetic inputs

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soil erosion

the gradual loss of fertile topsoil due to water or wind

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yield

the total amount of crop produced on a piece of land

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plantation

a large-scale farm that grows crops for sale

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pesticide

a chemical used to kill insects or pests on crops

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crop rotation

the practice of growing different crops in the same area in sequenced seasons

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livestock

animals and birds that are kept on a farm, such as cows, sheep, or chickens

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compost

a mixture of decayed plants and vegetable waste which is added to the soil to help plants grow

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gene

the basic physical unit of heredity

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genetic modification

the process of changing the structure of the genes of a living thing in order to make it healthier, stronger, or more useful to humans

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GM food

food from crops whose genes have been scientifically changed

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footprint

the impact on the environment of human activity in terms of pollution, damge to ecosystems, and the depletion of natural resources

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feed

food, esp that of animals

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ecosystem

all the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment