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metabolism definition
chemical processes the occur simultaneously in a cell to enable it to survive & carry out its functions.
catabolism + anabolism
anabolism vs catabolism
anabolism: synthesis - condensation rxn. req atp. eg protein synthesis, dna replication.
catabolism: breaking - by hydrolysis. release en. eg. digestion.
organic & inorganic c compounds
organic: all contain c&o, some H.
inorganic:
oxides of carbon - CO2, CO
hydrogen carbonates: HCO3-, Na2HCO3
carbonates: CO32-, CaCO3
CHO in carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids
carbs: CHO
fats: CHO, some phosphate & other elements
proteins: CHON, some sulfur
nucleic acids: CHON, some phosphorus
types of carbs
monosaccharides: glucose C6H12O6, fructose, galactose, ribose/deoxyribose
di: lactose, maltose, sucrose
poly: starch, glycogen, cellulose
oligo: raffinose, stachyose
drawing of deoxyribose vs ribose
pentagon structure
5Cs
O at top
check C2 if deoxy or oxy
OH ontop of C1
CH2OH - 5C
drawing: alpha vs beta glucose
ABBA: a — OH above, b — OH below.
hexagon shape
6Cs
carbonyl C = 1st C
CH2OH - C6
C2: H always on top
disaccharide drawing & formation
condensation rxn - lose a H2O
1-4 glycosidic bond for maltose, or 1-6 for other
lipids: saturated fatty acid structure
H3C - (CH2)n - COOH carboxylic group. double bond C=O.
triglyceride structure
glycerol
3 fatty acid chains
ester bond in bw. COO.
phospholipid structure
glycerol backbone
2 HC fatty acid chains
1 PO4 phosphate group
steroid structure
complex rings of C atoms
eg. cholesterol
protein general structure
H2- NCC - OOH (carboxylic group)
NH2 amine group
COOH carboxyl group
H on top
variable R group below
dipeptides
through condensation rxn
peptide bond
OH from 1 carboxylic group, H from 1 amine group
nucleic acid types
dna, rna
theory of vitalism
theory = origin & phenomena of life are due to the presence of a vital principle, which is diff from purely chemical & physical forces
falsified by the accidental artificial synthesis of urea.
Note 
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