Respiratory System (3)

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Main functions of the respiratory system

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exchange gases between the atmosphere and blood, regulate pH, body temperature and hydration status

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Ventilation

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mechanical events of breathing

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Chemistry

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20 Terms

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Main functions of the respiratory system

exchange gases between the atmosphere and blood, regulate pH, body temperature and hydration status

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Ventilation

mechanical events of breathing

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Respiration

transport of O2 to tissues

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External respiration

exchange of O2 and CO2 between the lungs and blood

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Internal respiration

exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood vessels and tissues

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Cellular respiration

consumes O2 for energy, produces CO2

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Conducting zone

zone that air moves through, made of cartilage

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Respiratory zone

site of gas exchange

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Inspiration (active)

air flows into lungs as pressure goes down

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Expiration (passive)

air flows out of lungs as pressure goes up

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O2-Hb dissociation curve

as O2 pressure goes down, O2 saturation in Hb goes down

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Shift curve to the right

increases in temperature, drop in pH

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Shift curve to the left

decreases in temperature, increase in pH

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Ventilation-perfusion matching

amount of gas and blood flow reaching alveoli should be matched for efficient gas exchange

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Pulmonary arteries

deliver deoxygenated blood to lungs for gas exchange

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Pulmonary capillaries

site of gas exchange between blood and lungs

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Pulmonary veins

carry oxygenated blood from respiratory zones to left atrium

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CO2 transport

70% is transported as bicarbonate ions in plasma - buffer to control pH

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P CO2 levels rise

chemoreceptors send signals to increase depth and rate of breathing

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P O2 levels drop

chemoreceptors send signals to increase ventilation