Muscles

Epicranius

Epicranius

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Occipital bone

Insertion: Skin and muscle around the eye

Action: Raise eyebrow

Orbicularis Oris

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Muscles near the mouth

Insertion: Skin of the lips

Action: Pucker lips

Orbicularis Oculi

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Frontal bone and maxilla

Insertion: Skin around the eye

Action: Close eye

Buccinator

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Maxilla and mandible

Insertion: Orbicularis oris

Action: Compress cheek (blowing)

Zygomaticus

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Zygomatic bone

Insertion: Orbicularis oris

Action: Smiling

Platysma

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Chest-fascia

Insertion: Mandible

Action: Drooping face, frowning

Masseter

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Zygomatic arch

Insertion: Mandible

Action: Chewing, closing jaw

Temporalis

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Temporal bone

Insertion: Mandible

Action: Close mouth

Sternocleidomastoid

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Sternum and clavicle

Insertion: Temporal bone

Action: Pull head to the side

Splenius Capitis

Head, Neck, Face

Origin: Cervical and thoracic

Insertion: Temporal bone

Action: Turn head, look left and right

Trapezius

Pectoral Girdle

Origin: Cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicle

Action: Rotation, elevation, and depression

Levator scapulae

Pectoral Girdle

Origin: Cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Raising and lowering shoulder

Rhomboid Minor

Pectoral Girdle

Origin: Cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Retracts and rotates scapula

Rhomboid Major

Pectoral Girdle

Origin: Thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Retraction

Serratus Anterior

Pectoral Girdle

Origin: Ribs

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Protraction, rotation, and depression

Pectoralis Minor

Pectoral Girdle

Origin: Ribs

Insertion: Coracoid Process

Action: Moves shoulder forward and downward

Teres Major

Arm

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Extends, adducts, rotate medially

Supraspinatus

Arm

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Abducts the arm

Deltoid

Arm

Origin: Scapula and clavicle

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Abducts, extends, flexes the arm

Subscapularis

Arm

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Rotates arm medially

Infraspinatus

Arm

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Rotates arm laterally

Teres Minor

Arm

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Rotates arm laterally

Biceps Brachii

Forearm

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: Radius

Action: Flexion and supination

Brachialis

Forearm

Origin: Humerus

Insertion: Ulna

Action: Flexion

Brachioradialis

Forearm

Origin: Humerus

Insertion: Radius

Action: Flexion

Triceps Brachii

Forearm

Origin: Scapula & Humerus

Insertion: Ulna

Action: Extension

Flexors

Forearm

Origin: Humerus

Insertion: Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

Action: Wrist Flexion

Extensors

Forearm

Origin: Humerus

Insertion: Phalange

Action: Extends fingers

Gluteus Maximus

Thigh

Origin: Ilium and sacrum

Insertion: Pelvis and femur

Action: Extend the hip (ex. walking up stairs, rising from sitting)

Gluteus Medius

Thigh

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Femur

Action: Rotates thigh, abducts the whole thigh

Adductor brevis

Thigh

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Femur

Action: Flexion and extension of the hip

Adductor longus

Thigh

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Femur

Action: Flexion of hip joint, adduction of thigh

Adductor magnus

Thigh

Origin: Pubis and Ischium

Insertion: Femur

Action: Thigh flexion, adduction, external rotation

Gracilis

Thigh

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Tibia

Action: Adduction and flexion of the thigh

Biceps femoris

Leg

Origin: Ischium and Femur

Insertion: Fibula and Tibia

Action: Flexes and rotates leg laterally

Semitendinosus

Leg

Origin: Ischium

Insertion: Tibia

Action: Flexes and rotates leg medially

Semimembranosus

Leg

Origin: Ischium

Insertion: Tibia

Action: Flexes and rotates leg medially

Rectus femoris

Leg

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Patella

Action: Extends leg at knee

Vastus lateralis

Leg

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Patella

Action: Extends leg at knee

Vastus medialis

Leg

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Patella

Action: Extends leg at knee

Vastus intermedius

Leg

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Patella

Action: Extends leg at knee

Tibialis Anterior

Feet

Origin: Tibia

Insertion: Tarsal & Metacarpal

Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot (running/kicking a ball)

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Feet

Origin: Tibia/Fibula

Insertion: Phalange

Action: Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

Gastrocnemius

Feet

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Calcaneus

Action: Plantar flexion

Soleus

Feet

Origin: Tibia/Fibula

Insertion: Calcaneus

Action: Plantar flexion

Plantaris

Feet

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Calcaneus

Action: Plantar flexion

Tibialis Posterior

Feet

Origin: Tibia/Fibula

Insertion: Tarsal & Metacarpal

Action: Plantar flexion

External Oblique

Abdominal Wall

Origin: Lower ribs

Insertion: Iliac crest

Action: Tense the ab wall, compress ab contents

Internal Oblique

Abdominal Wall

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Lower ribs, pubic bone

Action: Tense the ab wall, compress ab contents

Transverse Abdominis

Abdominal Wall

Origin: Coastal cartilage, lumbar vertebrae, iliac crest

Insertion: Pubic bone

Action: Tense the ab wall, compress ab contents

Rectus Abdominis

Abdominal Wall

Origin: Pubic bone, pubic symphisis

Insertion: Sternum, coastal cartilage

Action: Tense the ab wall, compress ab contents, flex vertebral column