BCHEM463 Unit One
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36 Terms
Protein monomer is an
amino acid
What links proteins?
A peptide bond
What is a polysaccharide monomer?
monosaccharide
What links polysaccharides?
ether bonds
Nucleic acid monomer
nucleotide
What links nucleic acids?
Phosphodiester bonds
What is a monomer for lipids
fatty acid
what links lipids?
ester bonds
Water is a good solvent for..
amino acids, small alcohols, carbohydrates
A lipid has a hydrophilic (polar)
head
A lipid had a non polar
tail
When interacting with water, lipid molecules first cause ____
decrease in entropy
When lipids move cluster forces, fewer water molecules are ordered, causing
increase in entropy
Henderson Hasselbach Equation
ph = pka + log[HA-]/[A-]
When pH is = to pKa
There is 50% [HA-] and 50% [A-]
In amino acid, the amide group charge is always
positive or 0
In amino acid, the carboxylic group charge is always
negative or 0
A high pH will cause proteins to carry a
negative charge
A low pH will cause proteins to carry a
positive charge
If the pH - pKa is less than ± 2, we assume the molecule
isn’t fully deprotonated/protonated
If the pH - pKa is less than ± 2, and percentages are NOT given, we can use this equation
pH = pKa + log [A]/[1-A]
The pI equation for a simple amino acid
pI = pkCOOH + pKNH3+/2
pKa is equal to
-log Ka
The pI for a basic amino acid is…
pI = pKNH3+ + pKR/2
The pI for an acidic amino acid is…
pI = pKCOOH + pKR/2
Which amino acid is the most generic?
Alanine
Which amino acid is non-chiral and the most simplest?
Glycine
Which amino acid can form disulfide bonds?
Disulfide bonds
How are disulfide bonds formed?
Oxidation
(T/F) The formation of a peptide bond is not thermodynamically favorable
True!
Most amino acids have the isomer because it’s most _
L configuration; stable
What’s the most stable form of a peptide bond
trans form due to steric hinderance
An amino acid is read from the
N terminal to C terminal
Residue
an individual amino acid within a polypeptide chain
What’s the weight of residue?
110 daltons
What is special about lipids?
they don’t form polymers