Micro - ch.15 - Adaptive Immune Response

partial for Test 3

what is the adaptive immune response?

slower

• specific to a pathogen

antigen

any molecule or molecule structure that can be specifically recognized by immune system  

• any pathogen or “self-antigens”

antibodies

“immunoglobulins”

• proteins bind to antigens to signal other immune cells to destroy it

What are the types of immunoglobulin?

IgG, IgD, IgE, IgA, IgM

IgG

most abundant antibody in blood

IgD

B cells

found in small amounts in blood 

IgE

allergic reactions

defense against parasite

histamine and basophils

IgA

found in mucus membrane secretion of tears and saliva

protects body surfaces that are exposed

“first line defense”

IgM

“flower shape”

first antibody produced to new infection

clumps 5 antigens at once

mast cells

release histamine when allergic reactions are triggered

histamine

dilates blood vessels to response of inflammation

speed up immune response

sometimes it overreacts to harmless substances 

• allergen - hypersensitive 

B cells

lymphocytes - type of WBCs

produces antibodies

recognize antigens → differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibody and bind to antigens 

humoral immunity

type of adaptive immunity

involves production of antibodies by B cells

T cells

developed in thymus

recognize and respond to antigens 

what are the type of T cells?

helper T, cytotoxic T, regulatory T

Helper T cell

activities and turn immune system on

cytotoxic T cell

kill virus - infected cells, cancer cells or transplanted cells 

regulatory/suppressor cells

suppress overactive immune reactions or prevent autoimmunity

Cell mediated immunity

branch of adaptive immune response in which T cells recognized and respond to infection/abnormal/foreign cells by destroying them or activating other immune cells