Term list for Chapter 2 Vocabulary Quiz

All the words with the Aaron Hatch's definitions.

Atom

Smallest unit of an element; made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Neutron

Covalent Bond

A chemical bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to form molecules.

Adhesion

Water sticking to other substances.

Solvent

Something that dissolves things.

Base

A substance that produces OH- ions in a solution.

Carbohydrate

Biomolecules with a roughly 1:2:1 ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen. Main source of energy for living things.

Nucleic Acid

Macromolecules made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphate. Only two kinds are DNA (Stores genetic info) and RNA (Transmits genetic info).

Nucleus

The center on an atom made of Protons and Neutrons.

Element

Pure substance made up of one type of atom.

Ionic Bond

A bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to another. Causes atoms to become ions (charged particles). Formed by oppositely charged particles attracting.

Polar

A molecule with unevenly distributed charges; Like a magnet with 2 poles.

Suspension

Substances that don't completely dissolve in water.

Buffer

Weak acids or bases that prevent sharp ph changes.

Monosaccharide

Simple sugars; the simpliest form of a carbohydrate.

Nucleotide

Building blocks of nucleic acids; have sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base.

Electron

A subatomic particle with negative charge.

Molecule

2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.

Cohesion

Water sticking to itself; caused by hydrogen bonds.

Solution

Mixture where all components are evenly distributed.

pH

Measures the concentration of H+ ions. Measures acidity.

Monomer

Small molecules are used to build more complex molecules.

Polysaccharide

Large, complex carbohydrates made up of many sugar units.

Protein

Molecule made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen (long chains of amino acids); control reactions and cell processes.

Proton

A subatomic particles with a positive charge; found in the nucleus.

Compound

Made up of two or more chemically combined elements.

Ion

Charged particles.

Solute

A substance that gets dissolved.

Acid

Release H+ ions in a solution

Polymer

Large chain of molecules.

Lipid

Small molecule that stores energy.

Amino Acid

 amino group of carboxyl group; are linked by peptide bonds