Eutrophication

Elemental Cycling

The transport and transformation of the biotic and abiotic forms of elements (particularly essential to life) within and among ecosystems

Nutrient overload can alter…

Ecosystems

Human health

What ecosystems are particularly sensitive to runoff?

Coastal

Eutrophicaiton

An increase rate of productivity (and organic matter) to an ecosystem, often following an increase in nutrient accumulation

First step of eutrophication

Fertilizer runoff or leaching

Second step of eutrophication

Algae blooms due to presence of nutrients

Third step of eutrophication

Bacteria uses oxygen to break down algae

Fourth step of eutrophication

Fish suffocate due to lack of oxygen

Dead zones are located where?

Around the world

In the US the most affected areas are…

The Gulf of Mexico

The Chesapeake Bay

Ways to reduce eutrophication

Less fertilizers

Adjust fertilizer applicaiton timing

Control animal wastes

Monitor septic systems and sewage treatment facilities

Careful industrial practices

Reduce runoff