Circular Motion

Flashcards covering key concepts from the chapter on Circular Motion, including definitions and explanations.

What is angular displacement?

Angular displacement is the angle subtended at the center of a circle by a particle moving along the circumference in a given time.

What is the SI unit of angular measurement?

The SI unit of angular measurement is radian.

How is angular acceleration defined?

Angular acceleration is defined as the rate of change of angular velocity.

What is centripetal force?

Centripetal force is the force needed to move a body around a circular path, calculated by the expression F = mv²/r.

What does moment of inertia represent?

Moment of inertia is the rotational analogue of mass in linear motion, depending on mass and distribution from the axis of rotation.

How is angular momentum defined?

Angular momentum is defined as the product of moment of inertia and angular velocity.

What does the law of conservation of angular momentum state?

The law of conservation of angular momentum states that the total angular momentum of a system remains constant if no external torque acts on it.

What are artificial satellites?

Artificial satellites are objects that orbit around the Earth due to gravity.

What is orbital velocity?

Orbital velocity is the tangential velocity required to maintain a satellite in orbit around the Earth.

What is artificial gravity in a spacecraft?

Artificial gravity is the gravity-like effect produced in an orbiting spaceship to overcome weightlessness by spinning the spaceship about its own axis.

What is a geostationary satellite?

A geostationary satellite is one whose orbital motion is synchronized with the rotation of the Earth, remaining over the same point on the equator.

How do Newton's and Einstein's views of gravitation differ?

Newton viewed gravitation as a force between particles, while Einstein explained it as curvature in space-time caused by mass.