MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY - Chapter 13 - Special Senses - EYES

Blast/o

immature

Blephar/o

eyelid

Conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

Corne/o

cornea

Cry/o

cold

Cyst/o

sac

Dacry/o

tears

Dipl/o

double

Esthesi/o

sensation, feeling

Glauc/o

gray

Ir/o

iris

Irid/o

iris

Kerat/o

cornea

Lacim/o

tears

Macul/o

macula lutea

Mi/o

lessening

Myc/o

fungus

Mydr/i

widening

Nyctal/o

night

Ocul/o

eye

Ophthalm/o

eye

Opt/o

eye, vision

Optic/o

eye, vision, hearing,

Papill/o

optic disk

Phac/o

lens

Phot/o

light

Pneum/o

air

Presby/o

old age

Pupill/o

pupil

Retin/o

retina

Scler/o

sclera

Stigmat/o

point

Ton/o

tone

Uve/o

choroid

Xer/o

dry

-opia

vision condition

-opsia

vision condition

-otomy

cutting into

-pathy

disease

-pexy

surgical fixation

-phobia

fear

-plasty

surgical repair

-plegia

paralysis

-ptosis

drooping

-tic

pertaining to

-tropia

turned conditon

Eso-

inward

Exo-

outward

Extra-

outside of

Hyper-

excessive

Intra-

within

Micro-

small

Mono-

one

Myo-

to shut

conjunctival

Pertaining to the conjunctiva

corneal

Pertaining to the cornea

extraocular

Pertaining to being outside the eyeball

intraocular

Pertaining to within the eye

iridal

Pertaining to the iris

lacrimal

Pertaining to tears

macular

Pertaining to the macula lutea

ocular

Pertaining to the eye

ophthalmic

Pertaining to the eye

optic

Pertaining to the eye or vision

Ophthalmology

Branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the eye surrounding structures.

Physician is an ophthalmologist

Optician

Vision specialist who is trained in grinding and fitting corrective lenses

Optometry

Medical profession specializing in examining the eyes, testing visual acuity, and prescribing corrective lenses

photophobia

Strong sensitivity to bright light

scleromalacia

Softening of the sclera

Achromatopsia

Severe congenital deficiency in color vision; complete color blindness

Astigmatism

condition in which light rays are focused unevenly on the retina due to abnormal curvature of the cornea

Cataract

development of an opaque or cloudy lens. resulting in diminished vision

Corneal abrasion

scraping injury to the cornea

Glaucoma

increase in intraocular pressure; can result in atrophy of the optic nerve and blindness

Macular degeneration

deterioration of the macular area of the retina

Myopia

condition in which a person can see clearly up close but not at a distance; also called nearsightedness

Oculomycosis

fungus infection of the eye

Conjunctivitis

inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually from bacterial infection; also called pink eye

Hordeolum

purulent inflammatory infection a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; also called a stye or sty

Esotropia

abbreviation: ET

inward turning of the eye; people with this form of strabismus are sometimes said to be cross-eyed

Exotropia

abbreviation: XT

outward turning of the eye; people with this form of strabismus are sometimes said to be wall-eyed

Strabismus

eye muscle weakness that results in the eyes looking in different directions at the same time

Hemianopia

loss of vision in half of the visual field; often the result of a stroke

Nystagmus

jerky involuntary eye movement; often indicates brain injury

Color Vision Tests

use of multicolored charts to determine a patient’s ability to recognize color

Fluorescein staining

application of bright green, fluorescent eye drops to the cornea to look for abrasions or ulcers

Ophthalmoscopy

process of examining the interior of the eye using an ophthalmoscope

Tonometry

measurement of intraocular pressure using a tonometer to check for glaucoma

blepharectomy

Surgical removal of all or part of the eyelid

blepharoplasty

Surgical repair of the eyelid

conjunctivoplasty

Surgical repair of the conjunctiva

enucleation

Surgical removal of an eyeball

intraocular lens implant

abbreviation: IOL

Use of an artificial lens to replace the lens removed during cataract surgery

keratoplasty

Surgical repair of the cornea; term used when talking about a corneal transplant

laser assisted in situ keratomileusis

abbreviation: LASIK

Correction of the myopia using laser surgery to remove corneal tissue

photocoagulation

Using intense beam of light from laser to destroy very small precise areas of the retina; may be used to treat retinal detachment or macular degeneration

photorefractive keratectomy

abbreviation: PRK

Surgical use of a laser to reshape the cornea and correct errors of refraction

retinopexy

Surgical fixation of the retina

scleral buckling

Placing a silicone band around the outside of the sclera to stabilize a detached retina

strabotomy

Making an incision into the eye muscles to correct strabismus