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Site Selection
The major factors to consider in establishing a farm site are the availability of water supply, suitability of farm crops, investment opportunities
Site Selection
Look at the technical aspects, which includes soil, topography, and climate requirements for crops, this guaranties greater yields of crop
Field Layout
A good farm arrangement leads to efficient and profitable farming experience
Field Layout
A farm layout is determined according to the actions implemented, the structures and infrastructure required by these activities, and the natural resources and natural landscape of the area
Flexibility of the farm location
The location of the farm and its layout should provide flexibility
Use a contour map
Helps determine the most appropriate way to layout the field and the irrigation system
Water reservoir
The longer the distance of the water supply, the higher the capital and maintenance and water
Financial position of the farm owner
The amount invested for facilities and equipment somehow influence the yields of the farm
Land Preparation and Improvement
To ensure the long-term success of the plantation, there are certain actions that need to be execute which includes land preparation and improvement
De-bushing
bush clearing, removal of stones and rocks, ripping and leveling of the soil are some of
the actions done to prepare the land area
Tillage
Tilling the soil helps in germinating seeds, controlling weeds, making the soil capable of absorbing more more water, mixing manure and fertilizer uniformly, and increasing the soil depth by removing the hard pan through the process of disturbing, opening, and turning over of the soi
Rainfed Farming
sustain a crop by direct rainfall
Rainfed Farming
natural application of watering soil prevents contamination of food products
Irrigation
opposite of rainfed farming
Irrigation
artificial application of water to the soil by means of tubes, pumps, sprays
Manual Irrigation
water is distributed across the land through manual labor and using water cans
Surface Irrigation
means the water is depressed over and across the land by gravity and there is no
mechanical pump involved
Surface Irrigation
considered to be the most popular form of irrigation
Surface Irrigation
sometimes referred to as flood irrigation
Localized Irrigation
means the water is spread under low pressure, through a pipe network and is
applied to each plant, thus, minimizing water loss through soil evaporation
Drip Irrigation
a type of localized irrigation in which drops of water are delivered at or near the root of
the plants
Drip Irrigation
sometimes called trickle irrigation
Drip Irrigation
works by applying water slowly and directly to the soil
Drip Irrigation
evaporation and runoff are minimized
Drip Irrigation
considered to be the most efficient irrigation system
Sprinkler Irrigation
can be associated to water rainfall
Sprinkler Irrigation
water is distributed in the field through a system of pipes
Sprinkler Irrigation
water passes through the spray heads, which releases small water drops that cover
the entire soil surface
Planting Crops
Planting requires basic understanding of site selection, farm layout, land preparation, and water system Installation
Transplanting
method of planting seeds first in a seed box
Direct seeding
method of planting crops where seeds are planted directly on the field
Broadcasting
where seeds or grain are scattered and spread over a well-prepared soil
Hill planting
method suitable for large vine fruits and vegetable seeds
Drilling or line sowing
done by dropping the seeds into the soil using seed drill