Gen Math

Wages

Basic pay/earnings received by a worker on a piece rate, hourly rate or daily rate.

Annual salary

total amount of money earns in one year

Monthly salary

Fixed amount earns every month

1 year

12 months

Semi-monthly

Amount of money earns twice a month

Weekly salary

Income received in a week

1 year

52 weeks

1 week

6 days

Overtime pay

Extra pay given for working beyond 8 hours at the rate of an additional 25% of his regular wage.

Commission income

Earned as a percentage of sales made. It can be pure or base salary plus commission.

Piecework earnings

Based on by the number of items or products completed.

SSS

Social security system

GSIS

Government service insurance system

HDMF

Home development mutual fund

PERA

Personnel economic relief allowance

Train Law

Tax reform for acceleration and inclusion law

Pag-ibig

Pagtutulungan sa kinabukasan: Ikaw, bangko, industriya at gobyerno

Cost price

Original price paid to acquire or produce a product.

Selling price

Price at which the product is sold to costumers.

Operating cost

It is a certain amount incurred (per unit) considering the production and sale of goods or services.

Profit

It is the net income gained from a business for a certain period.

Mark-up

It is the difference between the selling price and the cost price.

Mark-on

It is the added amount to the selling price during the peak season.

Peak selling price

The higher selling price when there is a high demand of goods/commodities to consume.

Mark-down

It is the difference between the selling price and the sale price.

Sale price

It is the discounted price.

Break-even

Having equal costs and income.

Sequence

A list of numbers arranged in a specific order, following a rule. Ex. 3,5,7,9,…

Rule or pattern rule

A description of how the terms is formed or how they change from one to the next. Ex. 3,5,7,9,… Rule/pattern: add 2

Finite sequence

Has a specific number of terms—it has a beginning and an end. Ex. 2,4,6,8,10

Infinite sequence

Has no end—it goes on forever following the same rule endlessly. Ex. 1,2,4,8,16,32,…

Fibonacci sequence

Where each term after the first two is the sum of the two preceding terms.

Arithmetic sequence

Which every term after the first is obtained by adding a number to the preceding term.

Common difference

Constant difference. The number added to a term to get the next term.

Geometric sequence

Where each term after the first is obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a fixed non-zero number.

Common ratio

Fixed multiplier, denoted by r.

Series

The sum of the terms of a sequence.

Partial sum Sn

The sum of the first n terms of a sequence.

Sigma notation

A shorthand symbol used to express a series.

Arithmetic series

Sum of the terms of an arithmetic sequence. It represents adding the terms of the sequence together.

Geometric series

Sum of the terms in a geometric sequence, where each consecutive terms is found by multiplying the previous team by a fixed, non-zero constant known as the common ratio.

Appreciation

Increase in the value of an asset overtime. Often happens because of factors like demand, improvements, or inflation.

Deprecation

Decrease in the value of an asset overtime. Usually happens due to usage, aging, or becoming outdated.

Interest

Profit/income in goods or money that is made on invested capital.

Simple interest

Computed amount paid based on the original principal of a loan or on the amount of an account.

Principal

Amount of money invested for a business or put in a bank or lent to the borrower to earn interest.

Rate of interest

Percentage that will be given or charged for a certain period of time.

Loan

Money borrowed from a bank or lender that you must pay back over time, usually with added interest.

Mortgage

Specific type of loan used to buy real estate. The property itself is used as a guarantee (collateral) until the loan is fully paid.

Exact interest

An interest where 365 days is used.

Ordinary interest

An interest where 360 days is used.

Exact time

Actual number of days between two given dates. 1 year = 365 days

Approximate time

Each month is considered to have 30 days.1 year = 360 days

Future value, maturity value or accumulated amount

Amount of money invested which is added to the total amount of interest earned in a certain period of time. Total repayment of principal and interest when the time period reaches its maturity date.

Compound interest

The process of computing the interest in a given time interval and being added to the principal.

Convertion period

Time interval when the interest is being calculated.

Compound frequency

Number of compounding periods that takes place in a year.

Length

One-dimensional measure of distance between two points. It is expressed in units of distance.

Millimeters (mm)

are used to measure very small objects. (E.g., ant, screw)

Centimeters (cm)

Are used to measure small to medium sized objects. (E.g., hand, chair)

Kilometers (km)

Are used to measure long distances. (E.g., map)

Mass

The measure of the amount of matter in an object.

Milligrams (mg)

Are used for very light quantities. (E.g., medicine, coffee powder)

Grams (g)

Are base unit for small items. (E.g., mango, paper clip)

Kilograms (kg)

Are used for heavier items. (E.g., barbel, sack of rice)

Metric tons (t)

Are used for heavy loads. (E.g., truck)

Capacity/volume

Volume is the three dimensional measure of space occupied by a substance or object. In liquids, it is called capacity.

Milliliters (mL)

Are used for very small amounts of liquid. (E.g., can of juice, perfume)

Liters (L)

Are used for everyday liquid measurements. (E.g., bottle of water and oil)

Cubic meters (m³)

Are used for very large volumes. (E.g., pool)

Time

The continuous measure of duration of events, expressed in seconds in SI units.

Seconds (s)

Are used for very short events. (E.g., run)

Minutes (min)

Are used for short durations. (E.g., baking)

Hours (h)

Ate used for longer durations. (E.g., flight)

Days (d)

Are used for extended durations. (E.g., feast)

Scientific notation

Mathematical methos used to express very large or very small numbers in a more concise and manageable form. It is especially useful in scientific discipline where such numbers are prevalent.

Surface area

Sum of the areas of all of its faces. Measured in square units.

Net

Two-dimensional representation of a solid to find the surface area of the solid.

Rectangular prism

A prism with rectangular bases.

Pyramid

A square pyramid is a pyramid with a square base.

Cylinder

A solid that has two parallel, identical circular bases.

Cone

Has a circular base and a vertex that is not in the same plane as the base.

Sphere

Set of all points in space equi