Axial muscles of the Head

Occipitofrontalis, frontal belly

Target: Skin of Scalp, Movement: Raising Eyebrows

Occipitofrontalis, occipital belly

Target: Skin of scalp, Movement: Tensing and Retracting Scalp

Corrugator Supercilli

Target: Skin underneath eyebrows, Movement: Frowning or lowering eyebrows

Nasalis

Target: Nasal Cartilage, Movement: flaring nostrils.

Levator labii superioris

Target: Upper lip, Movement: Elevation of the upper lip

Depressor labii inferioris

Target: Lower lip, Movement: Depression of the lower lip

Depressor angulus oris

Target: Lower jaw, Movement: Opening mouth and sliding lower jaw left and right

Zygomaticus major

Target: Corners of mouth, Movement: Smiling

Obricularis oris

Target: Lips, Movement: shaping of lips (like when ur speaking)

Buccinator

Target: Cheeks, Lateral movement of cheeks (sucking straw)

Risorius

Target: corners of mouth, Movement: Pursing of lips

Mentalis

Target: Lower lip and skin of chin, Movement: Protrusion of lower lip (Pouting)

Masseter

Target: Mandible, Movement: Closes mouth, aids in chewing

Temporalis

Target: Mandible, Movement: Closes mouth, pulls lower jaw in under upper jaw

Lateral Pterygoid

Target: Mandible, Movement: Opens mouth, moves lower jaw side-to-side

Medial Pterygoid

Target: Mandible, Movement: Closes mouth, moves lower jaw side-to-side

Superior Rectus

Target: Eyeballs, Movement: Moves eyes up and toward nose; rotates eyes from 1 o’clock to 3 o’clock

Inferior Rectus

Target: Eyeballs, Movement: Move eyes down and toward nose; rotates eyes from 3 o’clock to 6 o’clock

Lateral Rectus

Target: Eyeballs, Movement: Moves eyes away from nose

Medial Rectus

Target: Eyeballs, Movement: Moves eyes towards nose

Superior Oblique

Target: Eyeballs, Movement: Moves eyes down and away from nose

Inferior Oblique

Target: Eyeballs, Movement: Move eyes up and away from nose, rotates eyeballs from 12 o’clock to 9 o’clock

Levator palpabrae superioris

Target: Upper eyelid, Movement: Opens eyes

Orbicularis oculi

Target: Eyelid Skin, Movement: Closes eyelids

Genioglossus

Target: Tongue, Movement: Moves tongue down

Styloglossus

Target: Tongue, Movement: Moves tongue up

Hyoglossus

Target: Tongue, Movement: Flattens tongue

Palatoglossus

Target: Tongue, Movement: Bulges tongue

Digastric

Target: Hyoid bone/larynx, Movement: Raises hyoid bone and larynx

Stylohyoid

Target: Hyoid Bone, Movement:  Lifts and pulls back the hyoid bone

Mylohyoid

Target: Hyoid bone, Movement: Lifts the hyoid bone and the floor of your mouth, helping you swallow

Geniohyoid

Target:Hyoid bone, Movement: Lifts hyoid bone and pulls it forward

Omohyoid

Target:Hyoid bone, Movement: pulls hyoid bone down when swallowing

Sternohyoid

Target:Hyoid bone, Movement: pulls hyoid bone down when speaking

Thyrohyoid

Target:Hyoid bone/thyroid cartilage, Movement: shrinks distance between thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone

Sternothyroid

Target: Hyoid bone/Larynx/Thyroid cartilage Movement: Depresses all 3 targets to create different vocal tones

Sternocleidomastoid

Target: Skull/cervical vertebrae, Movement: Rotates and tilts head forward

Semispinalis capitis

Target: Skull/cervical vertebrae, Movement: Rotates and tilts head backwards