Psych Ch. 6 PrepU

Serotonin plays a role in which of these areas? Select all that apply.

emotion, cognition, sensory perceptions

After attending an anatomy and physiology review class on the nervous system, a group of nurses demonstrate understanding of the information when the group identifies which function as associated with the thalamus?

relays sensory information to the central nervous system

A client with Parkinson’s disease is hospitalized on a medical unit. The nurse would be correct in identifying which neurotransmitter decreased in this disease?

Dopamine

The hypothalamus affects the body primarily through which action?

Maintaining homeostasis

The nurse provides care to a client who presents to the emergency department (ED) with symptoms indicative of a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The client states, “I am unable to see anything. I think I am blind now!” Which area of the cerebrum should the nurse suspect the TBI affected based on the client’s statement?

occipital lobe

Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

GABA

A client who sustained a head injury in a motor vehicle accident yesterday is unable to recall any events from before the accident. Based on this symptom, the nurse suspects damage to which brain structure?

Hippocampus

Which neuropeptide suppresses pain and modulates mood and stress?

endorphins

The nurse is educating the client and family members regarding schizophrenia. The nurse explains to them that schizophrenia is associated with an abnormality of which structure of the cerebrum?

Frontal lobe

A client diagnosed with a stroke is exhibiting expressive aphasia. Which area in the frontal lobe is responsible for the motor function of speech?

Broca's area

A client experiencing metabolic dysfunction requires an overnight 24-hour electroencephalography (EEG) evaluation. The client asks why they need to wear the electrodes for 24 hours and whether they can take sleep-inducing medication to help make them more comfortable. Which statement made by the nurse would be accurate teaching?

“Abnormalities most likely occur while you are asleep and medications that force sleep may alter the results.”

Neuroplasticity influences psychiatric–mental health outcomes because it is or does what?

Is the ability of nervous tissue to change structure and functioning in response to new experiences

The nurse plans care for a client who is diagnosed with anxiety. When applying concepts related to psychoneuroimmunology, which stressor could potentially increase the client’s risk for infection? Select all that apply.

pain, surgery, depression, lack of personal control, loss of a significant other

Two nursing students are giving a presentation on the limbic system. Which can they accurately include as actions of this brain structure?

behavior

The body’s first line of neurological defense against stressors involves what?

Autonomic nervous system

The nurse provides care for a client who is diagnosed with Addison disease. Which question should the nurse ask the client to monitor for psychosocial symptoms? Select all that apply.

“Are you experiencing fatigue?”, “Do you have difficulty concentrating?”, “Do you experience feelings of depression?”

A college student wakes up and notices a racing heart and dilated pupils. The student is scheduled to write an exam later that morning. Which system is responsible for this physiological response?

Sympathetic nervous system

The nurse prepares an in-service for psychiatric–mental health nurses regarding the role of neurotransmitters in many mental health disorders. Which statement should the nurse include in the seminar?

“Abnormalities of dopamine activity may cause substance use disorders.”

Which functions are controlled by the extrapyramidal motor system? Select all that apply.

muscle tone, common reflexes, automatic voluntary motor functioning

What part of the brain would be responsible for activities such as walking and dancing?

Cerebellum

The student nurse is working with a client that presents to the mental health clinic with reports of loss of appetite, weight loss, and anhedonia. The student nurse discusses with the instructor that lack of a neurotransmitter may be affecting the client. How would the student explain what neurotransmitters do?

"Molecules that control the opening/closing of ion channels"

Sensory deprivation in infancy and childhood can adversely affect brain development. Which characteristic of the brain is involved in this process?

Neuroplasticity

The nurse prepares educational material regarding psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) for clients diagnosed with mental health disorders. Which body system should the nurse include when discussing client behaviors, thoughts, and feelings? Select all that apply.

immune system, nervous system, endocrine system

During a health promotion class, the nurse explains that serotonin influences multiple body systems. Which client statement demonstrates an accurate understanding of serotonin’s role?

“Low serotonin levels can affect my sleep, mood, and appetite.”

A client taking an antipsychotic is exhibiting manifestations of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Which area of the brain is involved with the increased temperature noted with NMS?

hypothalamus

The nurse is working with a client that has not been diagnosed yet. The client is aggressive, unable to control anger, and violent at times. The client was brought to the emergency department by local police. The nurse selects what system as the etiology for the clients' behavior? Classify the symptoms according to origin in the body.

limbic system

Which statement best reflects the role of the psychiatric–mental health nurse in the provision of client care?

connecting the symptomatology with the rationale for the client’s treatment

A client is returning from military service and has been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Dysfunction in which brain structure contributes to the rage and fear experienced in PTSD?

Hypothalamus

The nurse administers olanzapine pamoate IM to a client with schizophrenia. Which action by the nurse is essential after the administration of the medication to prevent complications from postinjection delirium/sedation syndrome?

Directly observe the client for 3 hours after injection and do not discharge until symptom free.

A client diagnosed with depression is being prescribed an antidepressant medication. Which symptom(s) does the client identify as related to the low levels of serotonin in their body? Select all that apply.

low mood, decreased appetite, insomnia, increased pain sensitivity

In which way do neurons communicate through the use of synapses?

electrochemically

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client recently prescribed haloperidol. The client reports muscle stiffness and spasms, particularly around the neck and jaw. What action will the nurse prioritize?

Administer diphenhydramine IM as ordered

The instructor is discussing neurotransmitters with the pre-nursing anatomy and physiology class. What would the instructor tell the students is a catecholamine that is classed as a hormone when it is released from the adrenal medulla?

Norepinephrine

The nurse provides care to a client who is diagnosed with schizophrenia. A family member asks the nurse, “I don’t know how they tolerate wearing that winter coat in the middle of the summer!” Which structure of the limbic system should the nurse base the response?

hypothalamus

The nurse prepares educational material for a client who is newly diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. Which structure of the limbic system should the nurse focus the teaching materials?

hippocampus