CLS Resource ASCP Review

What test differentiates S. epi versus S. saprophyticus

coagulase

What does S. aureus produce

hyaluronidase

What bacteria is typically seen on medical devices (shunts)

s. epidermidis

Is micrococcus oxidase positive or negative

positive

What test differentiates enterococcus from group D strep

PYR

Is S. agalactiae hippurate positive or negative

positive

What does S. pneumo test positive for

bile solubility & Quelling

S. viridans is commonly seen in

dental abscess

S. pyogenes is commonly seen in

strep throat

S. agalactiae is commonly seen in

newborn meningitis

is strep catalase negative or positive

positive

What is the main difference in bacillus sp. versus bacillus anthracis

motility

How do you differentiate Listeria versus Corynebacterium

motility/bile esculin

What is the difference between Erysipelothrix and Lactobacillus gardnerella

H2S

Lysine - bacteria

E. cloacae

what is MAC selective for

gram - bacilli

The methyl red test is based on if the bacteria ferment mixed acids when given __ with a 48+ hour incubation with a pH of < 4.5

glucose

Indole tip (indole + organisms)

Morgan the Vulgar ox ate E.coli on the indole Pasture with Ed

Morganella, Proteus vulgaris, E. coli, Pasturella, & Edwardsiella

XLD agar is differential for

salmonella and shigella

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is another name for

V factor

hemin is another name for

X factor

N. gonorrhoeae should be plated immediately or transported with activated __ MTM 35C

charcoal

H. aphrophilus is seen in

endocarditis

H. ducreyi is seen in

genital ulcers

HACEK organisms

(grouped together due to their slow growth)

Haemophilus

Actinobacillus

Cardiobacterium

Eikenella

Kingella

CEK are oxidase +

Fast growth on MAC < 3 days, nitrate reduction

M. fortuitum

Niacin +, nitrate reduction, rough colonies

M. tuberculosis

Fort Chelonae was built fast on MAC

M. Fortuitum and M. chelonae grows fast on MAC

Mari is 30 and has ulcers

M. marinum and M. ulcerans grow optimally at 30C

Slow growing NTM whose colonies produce pigment when exposed to light

M. Marinum and M. kansasii

Take photos of Mary in Kansas

Photochromogens

Slow growing NTM whose colonies become pigmented in the dark or light

M. szulgai, M. scrofulceum, M. gordonar, M. flavescens

SSG flav

Scotochromogens

Codes for the Lewis enzyme

Le

Codes for the secretor

Se

Seen in non secretors (sese)

Le(a+b-)

Seen in secretors (atleast 1 Se)

Le (a-b+)

Seen in nonsecretors with NO lele

Le(a-b-)

Benign and typically non significant

Pinch Mold Lewis

P, I, N, M, H, Lewis

cold antibodies

Must be treated as clinically significant

Duke the Kidd is Rheal Warm

Duffy, Kell, Kidd, Rh

warm antibodies

Dosage

Duffy & NoD the Rh Kidd has a bag of MNSs

Rich Kids Do Meth

The 4 enzymes for enzyme treatment are: bromelin, ficin, papin, &

trypsin

Enzymes enhanced during treatment

Rest In Peace (RhIP) Lewis the Kidd

Rh, I, P, Lewis, and Kidd

Enzymes destroyed during treatment

Must Not Ssmell Duffy's destroyer

M, N, S, s, Fy

Which of the potentiators used to decrease the zeta potential is most effective

PEG

What is the main component of RBCs

hemoglobin

hemoglobin consists of

4 globin chains and 4 heme groups

Hemoglobin C is a __ amino acid replacement

lysine

Order from left to right for citrate agar hemoglobin electrophoresis at 6.2

F, A, S, C

What anemia is associated with hemoglobin H disease

microcytic, hypochromic

What is the main hemoglobin seen in Beta Thalassemia Major

heme F

αα/αα

normal

--/αα, or -α/-α

mild microcytic/hypochromic anemia

-α/αα

silent carrier

--/-α

hemoglobin H disease

--/--

Bart's hydrops fetalis

helper T cells

CD4

cytotoxic cells

CD8

what cell becomes plasma cells?

B cells

What deficiency is seen in pernicious anemia

B12

What deficiency is seen in megaloblastic anemia

both

Nuclear fragmented DNA, seen in post splenectomy, thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, megaloblastic anemias

Howell Jolly bodies

precipitated hemoglobin visible in RBCs due to oxidation caused by G6PD deficiency, thalassemia

Heinz bodies

What stain is needed to see Heinz bodies

supravital

Iron granules seen in hemoglobinopathies, sideroblastic anemia, post-splenectomy

Pappenheimer bodies

What stain is required for Pappenheimer bodies

wright/prussian blue

dots of residual RNA seen in lead poisioning

basophilic stippling

mitotic spindle remnants

cabot rings

Increased osmotic fragility test is seen in

hereditary spherocytosis

Cause of a falsely increased ESR

a and b

3 multiple choice options

Cause of a falsely decreased ESR

decreased room temp

Giant lysosomal granules in WBC/platelets

fusion of primary and secondary granules

Albinism

Chediak Higashi syndrome

Neutrophil nucleus is hyposegmented

Heterozygous expression if dumbell shaped

Homozygous expression if peanut shaped

Pelger Huet

Thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, large Dohle bodies

May Hegglin

Inclusions found in all WBCS of large primary granules that consist of precipitated mucopolysaccharides

alder reilly

decreased LAP

CML

increased LAP

leukemoid reactions

LAP reference range

20-100

M2 chromosomal abnormality

t(8:21)

M3 (APL) chromosomal abnormality

t (15:17)

FAB classification for AML

> 30% blasts

WHO classification for AML

> 20 % blasts

1 multiple choice option

CML chromosome abnormality

t (9:22)

2 multiple choice options

3 criteria for polycythemia vera diagnosis

1. Hemoglobin of >16.5 for males and >16 for females

2. Bone marrow biopsy showing increased erythroid, granulocytic, and megakaryocytic cells

3.

Presence of JAK2 mutation

3 multiple choice options

TdT (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase) differentiates __ from AML

ALL

3 multiple choice options

Unique markers on B cells

CD19 & CD20

3 multiple choice options

Mature T cells

CD4 & CD8

3 multiple choice options

Unique to T cells

CD2, CD3, CD7

3 multiple choice options

Mature B cells

surface immunoglobulin (Ig)

3 multiple choice options

Hairy cell leukemia

TRAP +

2 multiple choice options

Associated with HIV/EBV

Burkitt's Lymphoma/Leukemia

3 multiple choice options

Reed Steinberg cells are diagnostic of

Hodgkin Lymphoma

3 multiple choice options

Multiple myelomas 3 main characteristics

1. over proliferation of plasma cells in bone marrow

2. over production of monoclonal antibody

3. breaking down of __

bone

3 multiple choice options

A patient has 18% retics with a hematocrit of 15%, what is the corrected retic count?

6%

3 multiple choice options

Platelet binding and aggregation occur when GP1B combined with vWF bind to exposed __

collagen

3 multiple choice options

vWF binds factor ___ in circulation

XIII

3 multiple choice options

Hemophilia A

missing/defective factor XIII

1 multiple choice option

Hemophilia B

missing/defective factor IX

1 multiple choice option

Monitors extrinsic and common pathway

PT

2 multiple choice options

Monitors intrinsic and common pathway

aPTT

2 multiple choice options

If doing a mixing study fixes the problem

factor deficiency

1 multiple choice option

If doing a mixing study does not fix the problem

Lupus

1 multiple choice option