Gross Anatomy

CSD 450 Study Guide – Exam #1

3 major structures of the brain

cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem

cerebrum

2 hemispheres connected by corpus callosum. Organized into 4 lobes

cerebellum function

balance, coordination, movement, motor skills, processing some types of memory

brainstem

relay system for sensory info and controls life-sustaining function

midbrain

connects brain and thalamus, 3 parts: substantia nigra, red nucleus, subthalamic nucleus

substantia nigra

supplies dopamine to basal ganglia

red nucleus

oval mass of cells that acts as a relay station for sensorimotor info

subthalamic nucleus

supports motor movements

pons

where some cranial nerves originate (parts of reticular formation)

medulla oblongata

contains some cranial nerve nuclei

forebrain

telencephalon and diencephalon

telencephalon

cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system, lateral ventricles

diencephalon

thalamus, hypothalamus, 3rd ventricle

prefrontal cortex

contributes to personality and mood, regulates cognitive functions, frontal lobe

motor cortex

primary motor strip, premotor cortex, supplemental motor area, frontal lobe

broca’s area

verbal expression and programming movements for speech production, frontal lobe

primary motor strip

where motor activity and muscle control is initiated

premotor cortex

helps acquire new motor sequences

supplemental motor area

plans and sequences motor actions

anatomical name for Heschl’s gyrus

transverse temporal gyrus