Physical Science Q2 P8

Aristotelian and Galilean Conceptions

Horizontal Motion

Motion along a straight, flat line (side to side); parallel to the ground

Aristotelian Concept

Force is required to maintain horizontal motion. All moving bodies naturally come to rest

Galilean Concept

Objects moving in a straight line at a constant speed requires no force to keep them moving. It will continue in motion due to inertia unless an external force acts on them.

Vertical Motion

Motions up and down (along a straight line); moves perpendicular to the ground.

Aristotelian Concept

Free fall is a natural motion because an object seeks its natural place

Galilean Concept

Objects move downwards because gravity disturbs their motion

Aristotelian Concept

Heavy objects fall faster than lighter ones, an increase in speed s proportional to the weight of the object.

Galilean Concept

The rate of fall or acceleration of an object is independent of their mass

Aristotelian Concept

Objects fall faster in air than in water. A decrease in speed is proportional to the resisting force of the medium

Galilean Concept

Motion of falling objects is uniformly accelerated.

Projectile Motion

Occurs when an object is thrown, kicked, or launched at an angle to the horizontal, and it follows a curved path called a trajectory.

Aristotelian Concept

The motion of a projectile is parallel to the ground until it is the object’s time to fall back into the ground.

Galilean Concept

A projectile moves two- dimensional motion in a parabolic path.

Distance

Total path length traveled by an object, regardless of direction.

Displacement

Shortest straight-line distance between the starting point and the ending point, with direction

Speed

Rate of an object at which an object covers distance (always positive)

Velocity

Rate of an object changes its position (displacement). Can be positive, negative, or zero depending on the distance