CP Final- Political Culture

What is political culture?

Shared values, beliefs, and norms about politics

What is an ideology?

A set of coherent political ideas about government, society, and economics

Liberalism

emphasizes individual freedoms, representative democracy, and the market economy

Fascism

authoritarian ideology of favoring militarism and right-wing nationalism

anti-democratic

emphasis on state & nation rather than individual rights

Socialism

emphasizes economic equality, to be pursued through state action

group over individual

advocates proletarian revolution

Difference between religion & ideology?

Religion is faith-based and spiritual; ideology is political and secular (usually).

Secularization

process through which societies become less religious, often as they become more modern

Lay state vs. Religious state

Lay state: establish a formal separation of religion & public life

Religious state: religion is a key part of official politics

Modernization theory

secularization is expected in modern societies

Religious economies approach

demand for religion is constant, religiosity depends on religious “market”

Institutional theories

societies differentiate as they modernize

more complex societies develop more varied institutions and takes the role from religion