Hormones- Physio Quizlet

macros

lipids and cholesterol

lipids unction

form emmbranes, basis of many chemical messengers and a major component of nerve cell

lipids make nearly _____ percent of the human brain

60

cholesterol

lipid that is a key component of cell membranes and the precursor for testosterone, estrogen, and other hormones

two classifications of hormones

proteins and steroids

hormones are carried by ______ throughout the entire body

connective tissue

true/false:

hormones are carried throughout the body and affect every type of cell

fals; only certain types of cells

target cells

specific cells that respond to a given hormone due to specific receptor sites for that hormone

protein hormones

react with receptors on the surface of the cells that the sequence of events that result in hormone action is rapid

steroid hormones

react with receptor sites inside a cell and involves synthesis of proteins, so slower action

____ glands secrete their hormones directly into the blood which means they reach every target cell in the body

endocrine

hormones regulate __________

metabolic processes

metabolism

breakdown of chemical substance

hormones are made in the _____ _____ and are transported by the ______ ______

endoplasmic reticulum; golgi apparatus

golgi function

packages hormones in vesicles which are stored in the cytoplasm of endocrine cells

hormones are stored in vesicles until......

nerve or chemical stimuli triggers the release/ secretion

upon secretion, body transports hormone to ________ / ____ by ______

target cells/ tissues; carrier blood plasma

target cells have specific ________ _______ for ______ ______

receptor proteins; specific hormones

what hormone receptors are found on the ____ ____

cell membrane

steroid hormone receptors are found in the _____

nucleus

the endocrine system is run by the _____

hypothalamus

hypothalamus

collects information from each body system and integrates responses of the nervous system and endocrine system to maintain homeostatic balance

products of the hypothalamus

hypothalamic releasing hormones and hypothalamic non-releasing hormones, which stimulate or inhibit the pituitary

pituitary gland

small, pea sized gland attached to the hypothalamus by a short stalk

infundibulum

short stalk attaching the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus

sella turcica

bony depression of the sphenoid bone in which the pituitary gland rests

adenohypophysis

anterior lobe of pituitary gland

neurohypophysis

posterior lobe of pituitary gland

tropic hormones

hormones that stimulate other glands to release their hormones

two functions of pituitary gland hormones

act directly on target tissues OR cause other endocrine glands to secrete hormones

GH

growth hormone

PRL

prolactin

ACTH

adrenocorticotropic hormone

TSH

thyroid=stimulating hormone

follicle-stimulating hormone

FSH

T3

triiodothyronine

T4

thyroxine

FSH

follicle stimulating hormone

LH

luteinizing hormone

ADH

antidiuretic hormone

OXT

oxytocin

anterior lobe hormones

TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, PRL, GH, MSH

posterior lobe hormones

ADH, OXT

Thyroid hormones

T4, T3, CT

Parathyroid hormones

PTH

adrenal cortex hormones

mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens

adrenal medulla hormones

Epinephrine, norepinephrine