Veterinary Science Midterm

Zoos are turning to video cameras and other remote observation to keep an eye on the animals

True

Sebastian has two macaws that generally get along well together. He notes that one seems to be bullying the other by pecking at it and generally keeping it from eating. The aggression comes to a head when one of the macaws uses his beak to grab the other by the feathers. Separating the two, Sebastian sees that the attacked macaw is bleeding profusely. He looks closely at the spot, wondering if maybe the other macaw's sharp beak has broken the skin. Instead, Sebastian finds that a blood feather has been plucked in the scuffle. Which sentence details the steps Sebastian will MOST likely take to help the bird?

Sebastian will need to use pliers to pull the remaining stem of the feather from the bird and then call the vet.

Ahmad is a veterinary scientist who specializes in avian medicine. He is frequently flown in to help with special and unusual cases. Which case would MOST likely warrant Ahmad's attention?

an outbreak of polymavirus in an exoctic bird rescue.

Enzo works in the primate exhibit in a city zoo. Recently, the zoo has installed a wire tunnel that hangs through the trees and eventually ends in an extra habitat on the other side of the park. Since these have been opened, the two male orangutans, Kwame and Ikon, have gotten into fewer fights. What conclusion would this MOST likely cause Enzo to reach about the primates?

Having more room to spread out has decreased irritation between the orangutans.

When Asian hornbills are in the wild, they don't worry about their nails. Every time they land on a branch, the bark shaves their long talons down bit by bit. In captivity, though, it is important that veterinarians regularly trim the curly nails. Can you predict the outcome if this regular maintenance was not performed?

Since they are round, the claws might grow so long that they pierce the bird's foot.

Lily's pet chameleon, Bart, is moving more slowly than he usually does. Lily takes Bart to the vet, who shows her how Bart's joints look inflamed. He is concerned that Bart may have gout. What question will the vet MOST likely ask Lily to confirm the source of this inflammation?

Has Bart had access to protein more than he should?

Kwigira is an African gorilla who has been suffering from an infection. The zoo veterinarians need Kwigira to take antibiotics, but he is sneaky and has been known to pick out pills when they are hidden in fruit. Which choice of medication administration would be MOST effective and least traumatic for Kwigira?

The vets could put liquid antibiotics in a special drink for Kwigira.

Isabella is an avian specialist who is concerned about the amount of exotic parrots that are being sold at pet stores and then returned by their new owners. izabella wants to make a brochure designed to educate prospective parrot owners about them. izabella notes on a brochure that Amazon parrots can live up to 100 years. what would a prospective pet owner MOST likely conclude from this information?

Taking on a parrot can be a long-time commitment.

Polymavirus is one of the greatest viral threats to caged birds.

True

Fatema is attempting to buy some supplements and seed for her new parrot. She is at a large animal supply store, reading the labels on each bag to figure out which one is right for her new bird. Which statement would Fatema MOST likely be looking for to know she is choosing the right supplement?

especially formulated for psittacines.

A tiger rescue has just been advised of a new Bengal tiger in need of care. The tiger is coming from a private zoo that was closed by authorities. When the tiger gets to the rescue, the veterinary staff can clearly see that although he is not underweight, the poor animal has pressure wounds on his hips. The wounds look to have become infected. Quickly beginning a round of antibiotics, the tiger is placed in its new habitat. The vets at the rescue believe that once these wounds are healed, the tiger will no longer have to worry about pressure wounds again. What contrast between the new rescue and the old zoo would MOST likely lead to that assumption?

Its likely that lying on a concrete slab and his previous habitat caused the pressure wounds but now he will have a habitat with the correct bedding.

Nadiya is an avian specialist. She sees and treats expensive macaws, toucans, and flamingos that are kept at resorts around the world. When Nadiya sends her bill, one resort owner calls, upset that her fee is more than he expected. The resort owner tells Nadiya that his dog's vet would never dream of charging him a fee like this. What response might BEST explain Nadiya's position to this irate bird owner?

Nadiya has had specialized training that the local veteran has not had so her fees are higher than his.

Although Fatima recently graduated with a degree in veterinary science, her passion is to be able to work on research projects designed to stimulate dairy output in livestock without the use of hormones. Fatima has a chance to intern with a specialty. In which opportunity would Fatima get practice on the type of tools that she will work with later in her career?

an internship with a veterinary pathologist

Chyla's mother is an educator, and Chyla saw how much her mother loved it when students were able to grasp difficult subjects. Chyla wanted a career that would be that satisfying. She was drawn to animals, though, and loved to learn more about how to take care of different creatures. As she went through school, Chyla kept the same interests and felt torn when it came down to deciding on a career path. In what career might Chyla be able to combine her two passions?

Question options:

a professor at a veterinary college

Talking to one of his former classmates from veterinary school, Tyler explains that he is currently working as an inspector for the USDA, checking the health of large quantities of livestock. His old classmate Khalil, who became a zoologist for a top wildlife preserve in Tanzania, scoffs. He asks Tyler why he is wasting his talent on a career so mundane. Which fact could Tyler use to show Khalil the importance of his work?

Food-borne illnesses cause about 5,000 deaths per year in the United States.

At a high school class reunion, someone has the bright idea to have all returning students post their current business cards on a bulletin board. As the students gaze at the board, they see all kinds of credentials, from architects to accountants to doctors and dentists. Tatiana became a veterinarian after she finished high school. If you were to locate her business card on the board, which credential would you expect to see behind Tatiana's name?

DVM

In his laboratory, veterinary scientist Nicholai is studying the mechanism that allows fleas to transmit the bacteria Yersinia pestis to rats. Nicholai believes that finding out how Yersinia pestis moves will allow researchers to develop a way of stopping its movement, particularly among humans. Yersinia pestis is known in the human world as the bacteria that caused bubonic plague. Although this bacterium rarely affects humans, Nicholai believes that it is possible that someone might find a way to spread it among the human population again. So, his research is vital. In which aspect of veterinary science would you say that Nicholai MOST likely works?

biosecurity

Many countries have regulations and policies that govern the study of animals and any testing done on them.

True

Although he had been one of the fiercest warrior kings in India, King Ashoka became disillusioned with violence and accepted the teachings of Buddhism, and he also opened one of the first animal hospitals in India. What conclusions can be drawn about how Ashoka's attitude toward animals had MOST likely changed?

King Ashoka believed that all life was sacred once he adopted Buddhism and wanted to preserve even animal life.

The governor of a state has been informed of the outbreak of a contagious virus in two large chicken processing plants in a local town. There is evidence that not only have the poultry been infected but some workers have as well. Considering the impact that an outbreak of this virus might have, which group of advisors would the governor MOST likely want to be in the room for this discussion?

a veterinary scientist, a public health official, and an economic advisor

Mateo is a veterinarian who has been asked to care for a sick cow on a commercial dairy farm. When Mateo arrives at the barn, he sees that none of the cows are in good condition. It appears that they do not have access to clean stalls, so their feet are beginning to decay. Flies and other parasites seem to be plaguing the whole herd. The cow in question is sequestered in its own stall, and Mateo is able to provide it some treatment. How might Mateo ethically handle the situation he has run into on this commercial dairy farm?

Mateo should discuss the situation with the USDA so that the cows will receive proper care.

Bradley is a veterinarian who is faced with an ethical situation. He has a client who has brought in an energetic two-year-old Dalmatian, asking that he put the dog to sleep. Bradley tries to inquire about why, only to be told by the owner that she just doesn't have the energy to keep up with this dog's constant need for stimulation. She launches into all the damage the dog has done to her house since she's had him. She tells him that she's tried to find a home for the dog but has had no luck. She just wants to be done with it and tells Bradley that as the owner she gets to decide that he should be humanely euthanized. Which part of the Veterinary Oath would Bradley MOST likely call to mind when deciding whether to follow this client's request?

"I promise to use my skills through the protection of animal health."

Izaak is an intern at a veterinary hospital. A little dog is brought in with acute pancreatitis. The vet that Izaak is observing explains to the dog's owner that there is no cure for the condition but that the dog's body can fight it off with some assistance. He assures the owner that they can manage the pain. What instructions will he MOST likely give Izaak for the dog's care?

Administer IV fluid and antiemetics.

Dante takes his dog Moe in to see the vet because he is worried. Moe has been drinking a lot, but he doesn't seem to want to eat. He's losing weight. After doing some tests, the veterinarian thinks she knows what is happening with Moe. She explains that Moe's body is not producing enough insulin and now Dante is going to need to give him daily shots to keep him healthy. Moe is MOST likely suffering from which condition?

diabetes

Ming is distraught after witnessing her Australian shepherd have several seizures in a row. When she rushes to the veterinarian, he performs a thorough exam. Then he explains to Ming that the seizures are being caused by an issue with messages sent from the dog's muscles to the brain. Which bodily system is Ming's dog having issues with?

nervous system

Most cats with diabetes have type-2 diabetes rather than type-1.

True

Marta's friend needs to take her cat to the endocrinologist. What can Marta likely conclude is wrong with her friend's cat?

The cat is experiencing a hormone imbalance.

Hip dysplasia is an abnormal growth of the bones of the hip joint.

True

French bulldog Benji's veterinarian diagnosed him with hip dysplasia and sent his x-rays to the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. The organization has looked over Benji's x-rays and labeled his condition as severe dysplasia. What does this grade MOST likely mean for Benji?

Benji should not be allowed to breed.

Ian is a veterinarian who owns his own practice. He is currently examining Bo, a three-year-old Himalayan cat whose owner says has begun to lick sore spots into his stomach. To investigate further, Ian needs to ask the cat's owner a few questions. Which question would be LEAST likely to provide Ian information he could use to diagnose the cat?

How long have you owned Bo?

Wyatt is in his biology class studying about the nervous system in cats. He is supposed to show the difference between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Which two components would be correct for Wyatt to contrast?

the nerves in the legs and the spinal cord

Emily is at a friend's house when the friend's German shepherd suddenly stops breathing, and its legs begin to twitch. Emily's friend is distraught, thinking that her dog is having a seizure. Emily assures her friend that her own dog had seizures in the past, so she knows what they look like. Emily says that this most definitely is not a seizure and offers to call the veterinarian for her friend. How will the veterinarian MOST likely feel about Emily's diagnosis?

The veterinarian will explain to Emily that seizures manifest differently in every dog.

Julia's little dog Giuseppe has started vomiting and having diarrhea. When Julia tries to pick him up by his belly, he lets out a yelp. Julia takes him into the vet. After an examination, the vet explains that there is inflammation in one of Giuseppe's organs. The vet tells Julia that there is not much to be done for Giuseppe except give him something to manage the pain and keep him hydrated until his body heals. What is MOST likely Giuseppe's diagnosis?

pancreatitis

Hip dysplasia tends to occur in smaller, lighter breeds in both dogs and cats.

False

When comparing BCE with other diseases that could affect cattle, such as foot and mouth disease, which fact could explain why outbreaks of BCE are so much harder to track?

The incubation period for BCE is from two to eight years so it can be hard to pin down where a cow contracted it.

EPM tends to show up in horses that are transported frequently. What connection could there be with travel and the horse's susceptibility to EPM?

Feeding horses water and food from different stables can increase the risk of their ingesting water contaminated with protozoa.

How might the way a farmer reacts to a cow who is exhibiting strange behavior like shaking, aggression, and falling over today differ from the way they would have reacted in the 1970s?

They will immediately pay attention because those are symptoms of BSE, which had not been identified in the 1970s.

Jasmine is a veterinarian that has come out to check on a donkey named Bernard. Bernard has been having bloody diarrhea and has become extremely dehydrated. Jasmine suspects that he has colitis, but she needs to investigate further. It's important that she treat Bernard quickly because he could die from the dehydration. To learn more about the events leading up to this, which question would Jasmine MOST likely ask Bernard's owners?

Have you recently made a change to Bernard's food?

There has been news of an outbreak of FMD in the state. Sanjay is preparing a warning statement to be issued to all farms who breed livestock so that they will be on the lookout for signs and immediately contact his department if any of their animals show signs of it. When Sanjay's notice is ready, who will he MOST likely send it out to?

farms with cattle, sheep, or pigs

An entire county is on quarantine after two farms have diagnosed cases of FMD among their cattle. Besides the quarantine, authorities call for deer hunting season to open early. How might this be related to the FMD outbreak?

Wild deer can catch FMD and infect herds of cattle so they would need to be eliminated.

Once Abdul uses an Ng tube to vent some of the gas causing his patient's pain, he directs that the horse be walked gently around for a while to encourage peristalsis. Which statement would BEST explain what the walking will do to help this horse's colic?

If the colic is due to buildup of gas, walking will help the horse's intestines to work the gas through its system.

With gastric distention, a horse's stomach can rupture if not treated in time.

True

After finishing veterinary school, Dara decides that she wants to become an equine specialist. She is offered an apprenticeship at a large dairy farm, helping manage more than 500 dairy cows. Dara is unsure about whether she would like this position. Which sentence MOST likely explains the reason for her hesitance?

Dara wants to be an equine specialist and those deal with horses instead of cows.

Prisha has a cow that her veterinarian has been treating for foot rot. The poor thing's hoof is split and swollen. After a round of strong antibiotics, the wound does not seem any better. Other than that poor foot, the cow is in perfect health. Prisha contacts the vet but his partner comes out to examine the cow instead. Upon examining the cow's foot, the vet announces that he believes he knows why the antibiotics have had little effect. Which reason makes the MOST sense?

The other vet missed something embedded in the hoof.

Charlotte is a veterinary specialist on staff for a large company that grows and processes pork products. Charlotte needs to order some special insecticide to help eradicate any chance of the company's pigs becoming infected with swine pox. While Charlotte is looking over the labels on the insecticides, which insects should she be MOST concerned about?

lice and mites

When horses have colic, they often deal with the pain by attempting to roll it away. How might a veterinarian BEST explain why it is important to prevent a horse with colic from rolling around?

Rolling can cause torsion, or twisting of the stomach, which will make the situation much more serious.

Ava is a veterinary scientist attempting to apply for a grant to study genetics. She is making her case, along with other scientist, to map genomes. Even though most of the other applicants want to map the human genome, Ava's goal is to map the genome of cattle. Which benefit of her proposed work would Ava MOST likely include on her grant application?

Mapping the genome of cattle can pinpoint genes that cause greater milk production.

BSE has been found in one of the cows at Rohan's farm. The official from the FDA advises Rohan to destroy all the cows in his farm to prevent the spread of the disease. Why would Rohan need to destroy his entire herd?

The cows likely ingested the same food that was contaminated with BCE.

Mikhail is a Russian soldier fighting on the front in WWI. His horse is in the stable at night, along with the horses of other officers. A sentry spots a German soldier running away from the stables. Since the Germans infected horses with glanders as a form of bio-warfare, can you predict what will MOST likely happen when Mikhail rides his horse into battle next?

Mikhail will contract the bacteria from the horse's breath or mouth, becoming sick himself.

The zoo is buzzing with excitement waiting for their giant panda, Ling, to give birth. Ling had to be anesthetized a few times during the pregnancy so that the zoo vets could take ultrasounds and draw blood to check on the baby. Once the baby is born, though, they realize that Ling's hormonal instincts will kick in, and it is unlikely that she will allow them anywhere close to her or her new baby. Which solution might BEST allow the staff to monitor Ling and the baby panda's health without causing them unneeded stress?

They could install cameras in Ling's habitat to monitor the baby's birth and growth.

The zoo that Abigail works for has an Aldabra giant turtle named Bartholomew. Lately, keepers report that Bartholomew has been much less active and is eating substantially less. They are concerned and want Abigail to have a look. Abigail quickly finds the cause of the issue: in between the skin and his shell, Bartholomew has a line of disgusting ticks that have embedded themselves. After removing the ticks, Abigail starts Bartholomew on a round of antibiotics. Which issue is Abigail MOST likely attempting to avoid with this medication?

Abigail is afraid that an open wound from ticks might lead to toxemia.

Josiah is excited to be following in his mother's footsteps by attending veterinary school. Growing up, Josiah helped in the clinic as his mother cared for the pets in the community. She asks him constantly about his studies. Josiah tells his mother that he is on the section about exotic animals. He finds it interesting but does not see how it will be of much use to him in a regular veterinary practice. His mother tells him to pay close attention because he may put the knowledge to use, even if he doesn't realize it now. Which one of the clinic's patients would MOST benefit from Josiah's training on exotic animals?

the young hedgehog that has crusting dermatitis on his face

Theo is a microbiologist studying a virus designated H1N1 to learn how it replicates and experiment with newly developed antiviral medication to see if there is any effect on it. Even though Theo uses the scientific notation to refer to the virus, what might other people call it?

avian flu

Quentin is tasked with creating a timeline of the history of veterinary science. Which date would be MOST accurate for Quentin to begin his timeline of veterinary science history?

3000 BCE

Ian is a veterinary scientist who is trying to find out how to boost animal growth without the use of hormones. Which classification of animals should Ian study for the best chance at answering his question?

domestic animals

As a veterinary scientist, Carlos is researching cases of Lyme disease that have been reported among dogs and humans in the past three years. Carlos sees that the number of infections is on the rise. Carlos tracks the daily temperatures over the last three years and compares them to those of years past. He finds that the average temperature is 5° higher. Taking this evidence into account, what conclusion would be MOST reasonable for Carlos to draw?

The warming temperatures have allowed Lyme-carrying ticks to flourish.

During her study of Chinese history, Sarah must write a report as if she were a person living in ancient China. She can pick her job, so Sarah decides that she will be someone who takes care of animals. Sarah researches to find that there were, indeed, records of those whose job it was to diagnose a disease in an animal. For the sake of providing an example in her report, what kind of animal should Sarah discuss working with to keep her report historically accurate?

oxen and horses

Brought in by animal control, a sleek feral cat is tested for FeLV. The test comes back positive, but the veterinary scientist thinks that this cat has a good chance at survival. She wants to use a new treatment that has recently become available for FeLV. Which would MOST likely be the term used to describe this new treatment?

antiviral

Malcolm brings his dog to the veterinarian because she just isn't acting like herself. When the vet asks Malcolm to explain, he says that she only plays with soft toys now instead of her rubber ball, she is losing hair in patches, she isn't waiting for him at the door when he comes home from school, and sometimes she whines in her sleep. The veterinarian says that it is important to examine Malcolm's dog and run some tests, but there may be a chance that she has hypothyroidism. Which symptom did Malcolm describe that MOST likely led the vet to zero in on this diagnosis?

She's losing hair in patches.

Josiah was so excited to bring home his new puppy, but after a few days of watching the little dog toddle around the house, Josiah thinks that there is something wrong. He takes the puppy to a veterinarian, explaining that the puppy seems to be walking funny. The veterinarian takes x-rays and explains to Josiah that there is a bone that is not formed properly in the puppy's leg, keeping it from fitting correctly into the joint. The veterinarian wants to perform surgery on Josiah's puppy to try to realign the limb before it begins to grow more out of shape. Which condition will the veterinarian MOST likely note on the puppy's chart?

elbow dysplasia