AICE PSYCH

Repeated measure design

Strengths:

• using repeated measures eliminates any effect of participating variables as all participants and all conditions therefore they are controlled

• Fewer participants needed for this type of design than the number for independent measure

Weakness:

• As all participants take part in all conditions, there is a Chance of demand characteristics affecting the study-participants, my work out the aim of the study and behaving a way to feel that rather than showing their true behavior

Self selecting sample

Strengths

• People are more likely to participate, if they have already volunteered so that the dropout rate should be lower, making the generalization potentially strong

Weaknesses

• Using this technique, baby shoulders is unlikely to gain a wide variety of participants to allow for generalization. Instead of the group book consist only the type of people who will volunteer to take part in the research or in a particular style

Independent measure design

Strengths

• As part participants only take part in one condition, they are less likely to guess the aim of that for reducing the potential effects of demand characteristics

• As participants only take part in one condition, there are no order effects that reduce the validity of findings

Weaknesses

• Maybe problems with participants variables, affecting them dependent variable rather than the independent variable even by chance all people of a certain personality for the other condition

  • Search on personally affect The dependent variable rather than independent variable

Opportunity sample

Strengths

• Large number of participants can be obtained relatively quickly and easy because this method is in involves using people who are around at the time of the study

Weaknesses

• A research is unlikely to gain a wide variety of participants to allow for generalization because the technique draws in one type of person in the main

Qualitative data

Strengths

• The data collected our in depth responses in the words of the participant, so they are rich and in detail and present what the participants believe therefore it can be argued that this approach is not reductional. As data comes directly from the participants, we can understand why each participant thinks feels and act in a certain way

Weaknesses

• The interpretation of the data can be subjective as we are dealing with words rather than numbers and research or could misinterpret what the participant was meaning to say or be biased against some of the participants view

  • Maybe research your advice only pick data that fits in the hypothesis

Quantitative data

Strengths

• As the data or Numerical, it allows easier comparison as statistical analysis to take place

• As data is numerical Analysis is objective and scientific-There is only minimal chance of researchers miscalculating the data and drawing invalid conclusions

Weaknesses

• As as numerical, they miss out on the valuable info. The answer is simply yes or no or on a reading scale. We do not know why the participant chose the answer that they did.

• Approaching as reduction, researchers reduce complex, ideas and behaviors to just numbers

Participant observation

Strengths

• Usually, the participants are observed in a view of life setting, so there was an increase in ecological validity

• As observers become involved with the group, they are more likely to understand the motives and reasons for behaviors, including the increase in validity of findings

Field experiment

Strengths

• Take place and a realistic setting is said they have ecological validity

• As participants will not know what they are taking apart in the study, there will be little or no demand characteristics so behavior is more likely to be natural and valid

Weaknesses

• Situational variable is difficult to control so difficult to know if the independent variable is affecting the dependent variable

• It could be uncontrolled variable, causing dependent variable to change

• If participants don’t know, they are taking part in the study issues-issues of informed consent, and deception

Questionnaire

Strengths

• Participants may be more likely to reveal your truthful answers. Any questionnaire does not involve talking face-to-face with someone.

• Large sample participants can answer the question in a short time span increase the representative and generalabilities of the findings

Weaknesses

• Rather than giving truth, finances, participants may give socially desirable answers because they want to look good. This lowers the validity of the findings.

• If questions were closed and participants with sometimes not cheese that question that reflects their opinion

Interviews

Strength

• If the interview has a lot of questions, participants interview more of the reasons why they behave in a certain way or a certain

Weakness

• Participants most likely to give truthful answers in interview maybe due to social Desirability as they Are actually face-to-face with the interviewer it might not want to be judged

Observation

Strengths

• Participants, unaware that they are being observed, and they should behave naturally this Increases the ecological of the observation

Weaknesses

• If participants are aware that they’re being observed, then they may not act naturally, but show more specially desirable behaviors, reducing the validity of the findings

Case studies

Strength

• As is focus on one individual group they collect rich in depth and details this makes the data more valid

• Participants are usually studied as part of their everyday life, which means that the whole process tends to have ecological Validity

Weaknesses

• As we are focusing on one individual or group case may be unique, this makes generalization quite difficult

• Participants or studied induct the attachment food form between them and the researcher which could Reduce the objective of data collection and analysis

Lab experiment

Strength

• Laboratory experiments have high levels of standardization and so can be replicated to test for reliability

• As laboratory have high level of control research to be more confident in it as independent variable directly affects the dependent

Weaknesses

• Takes place in an artificial setting it is said that they can lack ecological validity when participants take part in the task that are nothing like real life ones so the task lacks minimum real

• Participants in the take part in the experiment

Longitudinal study

Strength

• It takes a long time and the results can be more precise and more collection often data

Weaknesses

• It’s very costly very time-consuming and the participant can drop out due to how long it takes to complete this experiment

Snapshot study

Strength

• Study is faster, allows the collection of data from a large sample size efficient

Weaknesses

• Bio effects of representative of the sample

• Reliance and self reporting data which may be subject to inaccuracies