Blood Bank Exam 2: Compatibility Testing
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48 Terms
what is the basic compatibility testing process (6)
recipient identification
sample collection and handling
pretransfusion testing
crossmatch
issue product to medical team
medical staff transfuses the blood product
what do we need in the request for transfusion (5)
oral, written, or electronic request
2 patient identifiers
blood product requested
special requests
ordering doctor
what are examples of acceptable patient identifiers (6)
first and last name
MRN
blood bank band number
DOB
barcode label
RFID
what are examples of special requests the doctor may want (3)
radiate/irradited blood
"fresh" <7 days old
negative for CMV
if there is any doubt as to the source (which patient) of a specimen, what should we do?
request a redraw
what tubes are acceptable in blood bank
red
pink/purple
samples should be free of _____________ and _______________ for the blood to be acceptable
hemolysis and lipemia
in order to test a sample correctly, it must be this age
<3 days old
what day is considered day 0
the day the blood is drawn
what is the typical testing done in blood bank pre transfusion (3)
ABO
Rh
Antibody screen
in order to transfuse blood, we must have _____ records of the patients ABO group
two
in what ways can we get two records of the patient's ABO group
history + current test
two seperate draws if no history
what needs to be done to the donor blood before we transfuse it
must be retyped to confirm the label
what do we use to confirm a donor blood sample is type O
anti-A,B
when someone is being transfused with whole blood, the blood should be __________________
type specific
what are the conditions when whole blood is usually used
trauma
under developed newborns
when someone is being transfused with packed RBCs, the blood should be _____________________________________________
compatible with the antibodies in the patients plasma
type O RBCs can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
O
A
B
AB
type A RBCs can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
A
AB
type B RBCs can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
B
AB
type AB RBCs can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
AB
type AB plasma can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
AB
A
B
O
type A plasma can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
A
O
type B plasma can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
B
O
type O plasma can be given to these blood types (not considering Rh)
O
what are the 6 basic rules to remember about transfusion
always provide ABO RhD specific type when possible
group O people have both Anti-A and Anti-B but no antigens on RBCs
group O people can only get O RBCs but can get any kind of plasma
group AB people have no ABO Ab but have both A and B Ag on RBC
group AB people can get any kind of RBC but can only get A or AB plasma
if you dont know the group, think universal
always provide ________________________ when possible
ABO RhD specific type
group O people have these Ab and these Ag
Anti-A and Anti-B
no antigens
group AB people have these Ab and these Ag
no antibodies
A and B antigens
group O people can only get this kind of RBC
O
group O people can get these kinds of plasma
O
A
B
AB
group AB people can get these kinds of RBCs
O
A
AB
group AB people can only get this kind of plasma
AB
which group of plasma is "universal"
AB
which group of RBCs is "universal"
O
when someone is Rh positive, how should we match them?
positive is prefered
negative is ok
when someone is Rh negative and a woman under 50, how should we match them?
Rh negative is required in women under 50
when someone is Rh negative and man (or woman >50), how should we match them?
negative is prefered
positive is ok when emergency
what is the Rh compatibility concern for plasma?
it doesn't matter
before we transfuse someone we have to do this test
crossmatching
what is the purpose of a crossmatch
test patient plasma with donor RBC to ensure there will be no reaction
when do crossmatches expire
in 3 days
what are some common causes of a positive crossmatch (4)
IgM alloantibody
IgM autoantibody
donor is DAT positive
ABO incompatibility
what do we need to record in a "record of transfusion"
labeled blood product
include same info as blood product label
information for transfusions concerning adverse rxns
record the amount of blood transfused
what information is on the label of blood products which are assigned to a patient (6)
patient first and last name
MRN
crossmatch results
ABO Rh of the patient
ABO Rh of the product
crossmatch expiration date
at the time of transfusion, what is required?
2 nurses need to verify the patients identity
must be at the bedside
monitor the patient pretransfusion vitals and during the transfusion
what vitals are monitored to ensure there is no HTR
temperature
pulse
blood pressure
when we get a sample, how long do we keep it in the fridge?
7 days