Respiratory System Flashcards

Flashcards about the respiratory system

Function of the respiratory system

Provides for gas exchange and regulates blood pH to maintain homeostasis; has receptors for smell and vocal sounds.

Pulmonary Ventilation

The volume of air flowing into the lungs from breathing

External Respiration

Exchange of gases between the lungs and blood.

Internal Respiration

Exchange of gases between the blood and cells.

Cellular Respiration

The use of O2 to produce energy, with a by-product of CO2.

Tidal Volume

Amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions.

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inspiration.

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume expiration.

Residual Volume

Amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced expiration.

Dalton's Law

Partial pressure of a gas (mmHg) = Total pressure (mmHg) * fraction of the gas

Fick's Law

Rate of gas Diffusion/Transfer Vx = DAΔP / ΔX

External Respiration Gas Exchange

Oxygen diffuses down the pressure gradient from alveoli to capillary until equilibrium is reached at 104 mmHg. Carbon dioxide diffuses from pulmonary capillaries to the alveoli.

Internal Respiration Gas Exchange

PaO2 in the arterial blood of the systemic capillary is high; PaO2 in the tissue at rest is low.