eukaryote flashcards

Binomial nomenclature consists of the __________ and __________ names of an organism.

genus; species

In binomial nomenclature, the genus name is always written with a __________ letter, while the species name is written in __________ letters.

capital; lowercase

The main component of the cell wall in prokaryotes is __________.

peptidoglycan

Prokaryotes typically have __________ chromosomes, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes are usually packaged as __________, multiple segmented chromosomes.

circular; linear

Mitosis is a type of __________ nuclear division.

asexual

Cytokinesis refers to the division of the __________.

cytoplasm

Schizogony is a process that results in a multinucleated organism through multiple mitoses without __________.

cytokinesis

The organism that causes malaria is known as __________.

Plasmodium

The term 'vector' in biology refers to an organism that __________ disease from one host to another.

transmits

The goal of meiosis is to produce __________ haploid cells from a diploid germ cell.

four

Conjugation in ciliated protozoa involves a temporary fusion of two individuals to exchange __________.

genetic material

Euglena is an example of an organism that can be both __________ and __________.

autotrophic; heterotrophic

Most protozoa are __________, meaning they obtain their nutrients from organic sources.

heterotrophs

Protozoa are primarily found in __________ environments, such as ponds, lakes, and streams.

moist

The trophozoite stage of protozoa is the __________ stage that lives within the host organism.

feeding and reproducing

Cysts are the form that allows protozoa to __________ in the environment outside the host's body.

survive

The two morphological forms of protozoan parasites are the trophozoite and the __________.

cyst

Heterotrophic organisms that lack a cell wall are generally much __________ than prokaryotes.

larger

During asexual reproduction, binary fission results in the formation of two __________ cells from a single parent cell.

daughter

Malaria is transmitted through the bite of __________ mosquitoes that carry Plasmodium.

infected

The term 'diplomatic' refers to cells that have __________ sets of chromosomes.

two

In paramecia, conjugation involves a process whereby two cells orient __________ each other to exchange genetic material.

side by side

An example of a unicellular eukaryote that has cilia for motility is __________.

Paramecium

Prokaryotic cells are characterized by a lack of a __________.

nucleus

Eukaryotic cells often exhibit __________ due to processes such as meiosis and fertilization.

genetic diversity

Some protozoa can enter the human body through routes such as the __________.

eyes

In the context of reproduction, __________ refers to the formation of new individuals without the involvement of gametes.

asexual reproduction

The relationship between bacteria and the host is directly linked to the presence of __________ that might play a role in disease.

pathogens

__________ describes the changes from active trophozoite to dormant cyst in response to environmental stressors.

Encystment