PHSYICS - Fluids Chapter

Density (p) - kg/m³

Measurement of an object’s Mass (m) divided by its volume (V). The greater the density, the greater the mass

1 cm³ to m³

1 cm³ = 1 × 10^-6 m³

Pressure (P) - N/m²

Measurement of the force exerted straight into an area. Only forces applied perpendicular to the surface will create pressure.

Pressure has what relationship with area

Inverse - smaller area will cause greater pressure

Pascal’s Principple

Any increase in pressure at one point on the fluid will cause an increase in pressure in all points in the fluid P_in = P_out —> F_in/A_in = F_out/A_in (Hydraulic lift)

Buoyant Force (F_B)

The force of water/liquid on an object. The strength of this force depends on density, volume, and acceleraton.

When an object is floating

F_B = F_g

Principle of Continuity

States that the flow rate of all points in a conduit are the same. Total flow in = total flow out.

Flow Rate (0I) - m³/s

Measurement of how much volume of water is traveling through a location at a certain time

Bernoulli’s Equation

Conservation of energy statement for fluids. It sets equal the initial energies and final energies of a fluid.

Torticelli’s theorem

Predicted the velocity of the water coming out of a tall container based on the height of the water above the spout - increase in pressure as the height gets lower.

F_net =

F_B - F_g

v =

sqrt(2gh)

t =

sqrt(2y/g)

x =

vt

V_f/V_o =

P_o/P_f