feedback loops skeletal system

what is the feedback loop consist of?

stimulus --> Gland --> Hormone --> target --> Effect

mnemonic for feedback loop

She Gets Home To Eat

why do we need calcium?

bone strength, neuron communication, muscle contraction, blood clotting

feedback loop

A feedback loop is a process where a change in a system triggers a response that adjusts the system back toward balance.

positive feedback

The product of a reaction leads to an increase in that reaction (amplifying effect /snowball effect)

Negative feedback loop

the product of the reaction has an "opposite" effect that returns the body to homeostasis (counteracting effect)
--> some specific homeostasis level

hormones involved in calcium homeostasis

calcitonin and parathyroid

Glands involved in calcium homeostasis

thyroid gland + parathyroid gland

osteoblasts

make new bone (bone deposit)

osteoclasts

break down bone (bone resorption)

what happens when calcium levels in blood are too low?

When blood calcium levels are too low, the parathyroid glands release parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH targets osteoclasts, stimulating them to break down bone by releasing HCl (hydrochloric acid), which dissolves minerals in the bone. Calcium is released from bones into the bloodstream, raising blood calcium levels back to normal.

what happens when calcium levels in blood are too high?

When blood calcium levels are too high, the thyroid gland releases calcitonin. Calcitonin targets osteoclasts, reducing their activity and decreasing bone resorption (the breakdown of bone tissue). This leads to calcium being deposited and stored in bones, lowering blood calcium levels back to normal.