Biological Molecule Study 🧪

Monomer

A single building block of an organic compound

Polymer

Chains or monomers linked (bonded) together.

Monosaccharide and Polysaccharide

Monosaccharide: Building blocks of all carbohydrates, also called simple sugars.They all have a single ring examples: Glucose, Fructose, Galactose.

Polysaccharide: Made up of 3 or more monosaccharides. Examples: Starch, Glycogen, cellulose.

Amino Acids and Proteins

Found in foods like: Meat, eggs, beans

Contain the elements: Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen

composed of monomers called amino acids.

Amino Acid: Composed of different combinations of C,H,O,N,S

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids: Contain the elements: Carbon,Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus

Nucleotides: Joined together by dehydration synthesis.

What is the function of proteins and nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acid Function: To carry genetic information.

Examples: DNA, RNA, ATP

Proteins: Growth and repair, Enzymes, Antibodies, Hormones, Pigments

What is the function between long-term vs. Short term energy storage

Long term energy: Lipids

Short term energy: Carbohydrates

What is the Nucleic code for

Amino Acid sequence.

What makes up a lipid,protein,sugar or nucleic acid?

They all contain Carbon, Hydrogen,and Oxygen.

Amino Acid is to protein as

Simple sugar is to starch

Why is Carbon so special compared to other elements?

Carbon atoms can bond to one another and form a lot of different structures.

True or False: The molecules of life are all carbon-based

True

True or False: Carbon bonds can be single, double, or triple ionic bonds

False: Can only be covalent

True or False: Lipids are important parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings.

True