PDT part 2

One-off production

Manufacturing a custom made or unique product

Low volume production

Manufacturing a new, specialised, niche or limited edition product, quickly responds to market changes

Mass production

Manufacturing for a product needed worldwide, no customisation and setup cannot be changed quickly or cheaply

Continuous production

Manufacturing for essentials such as food or medicine, highly automated

Lean manufacturing

Manufacturing with reduced cost per unit while maintaining quality, reduces waste

flexible and responsive manufacturing

Agile low-volume manufacturing which manufactures products only as demanded

Sustainability

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

circular economy

Working with materials from biological and technical systems to eliminate waste, reuse resources and regenerate nature

Triple bottom line

People, planet, profit

Profit: business makes money ethically

People: health and safety of workers and community

Planet: ensure planet is not harmed 

6Rs

Rethink, refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle, repair

lifecycle analysis

Considers the impact of each stage of production (sourcing materials, manufacturing, transport, product use, disposal)

cradle to cradle

All waste can be reused or turned into food

Biological materials are composted and technical materials are reused or upcycled

design for disassembly

Parts are joined for easy disassembly at disposal or repair

Product is disassembled to reuse materials or for easy repair

Extended producer responsibility

Producer is responsible for handling of products at the disposal stage

Style obsolescence

When a product is no longer in style due to changing fashion trends

Functional obsolescence

When a product cannot be used as it no longer functions properly

Technical obsolescence

When a product’s technology is out of date