Chapter 5 Questions

Which genus includes the causative agent for malaria?

A. Euglena

B. Paramecium

C. Plasmodium

D. Trypanosoma

C. Plasmodium

Which protist is a concern because of its ability to contaminate water supplies and cause diarrheal illness?

A. Plasmodium vivax

B. Toxoplasma gondii

C. Giardia lamblia

D. Trichomonas vaginalis

C. Giardia lamblia

A fluke is classified within which of the following?

A. Nematoda

B. Rotifera

C. Platyhelminthes

D. Annelida

C. Platyhelminthes

A nonsegmented worm is found during a routine colonoscopy of an individual who reported having

abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting. This worm is likely which of the following?

A. nematode

B. fluke

C. trematode

D. annelid

A. nematode

A segmented worm has male and female reproductive organs in each segment. Some use hooks to attach to

the intestinal wall. Which type of worm is this?

A. fluke

B. nematode

C. cestode

D. annelid

C. cestode

Mushrooms are a type of which of the following?

A. conidia

B. ascus

C. polar tubule

D. basidiocarp

D. basidiocarp

Which of the following is the most common cause of human yeast infections?

A. Candida albicans

B. Blastomyces dermatitidis

C. Cryptococcus neoformans

D. Aspergillus fumigatus

A. Candida albicans

Which of the following is an ascomycete fungus associated with bat droppings that can cause a respiratory

infection if inhaled?

A. Candida albicans

B. Histoplasma capsulatum

C. Rhizopus stolonifera

D. Trichophyton rubrum

B. Histoplasma capsulatum

Which polysaccharide found in red algal cell walls is a useful solidifying agent?

A. chitin

B. cellulose

C. phycoerythrin

D. agar

D. agar

Which is the term for the hard outer covering of some dinoflagellates?

A. theca

B. thallus

C. mycelium

D. shell

A. theca

Which protists are associated with red tides?

A. red algae

B. brown algae

C. dinoflagellates

D. green algae

C. dinoflagellates

You encounter a lichen with leafy structures. Which term describes this lichen?

A. crustose

B. foliose

C. fruticose

D. agarose

B. foliose

Which of the following is the term for the outer layer of a lichen?

A. the cortex

B. the medulla

C. the thallus

D. the theca

A. the cortex

The fungus in a lichen is which of the following?

A. a basidiomycete

B. an ascomycete

C. a zygomycete

D. an apicomplexan

B. an ascomycete

The plasma membrane of a protist is called the __________.

plasmalemma

Animals belong to the same supergroup as the kingdom __________.

Fungi

Flukes are in class _________.

Trematoda

A species of worm in which there are distinct male and female individuals is described as _________.

dioecious

Nonseptate hyphae are also called _________.

coenocytic

Unicellular fungi are called _________.

yeasts

Some fungi have proven medically useful because they can be used to produce _________.

antibiotics

Structures in chloroplasts used to synthesize and store starch are called ________.

pyrenoids

Algae with chloroplasts with three or four membranes are a result of ________ ________.

secondary endosymbosis

What are kinetoplastids?

Modified mitochondria present in protozoa.

Aside from a risk of birth defects, what other effect might a toxoplasmosis infection have?

Behavioral and personality alterations

What is the function of the ciliate macronucleus?

Sexual reproduction; macronucleus contains the genes for metabolism

What is the best defense against tapeworm infection?

Vaccination and treatment of the disease in animals. Also, cooking the meat appropriately to kill the organism is the best method of defense.

Which genera of fungi are common dermatophytes (fungi that cause skin infections)?

ascomycetes

What is a dikaryotic cell?

A cell with two nucleuses

What is a distinctive feature of diatoms?

The outer cell walls of diatoms contain characteristics "frustules" made of crystallized silica.

Why are algae not considered parasitic?

They carry out photosynthesis

Which groups contain the multicellular algae?

brown, red, green

What are three ways that lichens are environmentally valuable?

1. fix nitrogen and act as a nitrogen source in some enviroments 2. important soil stabilizers 3. important winter food source.

The protist shown has which of the following?

D. cilia

Protist taxonomy has changed greatly in recent years as relationships have been re-examined using newer

approaches. How do newer approaches differ from older approaches?

Newer approaches are using newer techniques based off of biochemistry, morphology and genetics

What characteristics might make you think a protist could be pathogenic? Are certain nutritional

characteristics, methods of locomotion, or morphological differences likely to be associated with the ability to

cause disease?

Heterotrophic (feeding character). A lack of organelles for locomotion are more likely to be parasitic or pathogenic.

Given the life cycle of the Schistosoma parasite, suggest a method of prevention of the disease.

Avoid going in water/wet places, don't eat undercooked meat, and stay away from the equator

Explain the benefit of research into the pathways involved in the synthesis of chitin in fungi.

They try to find differences in human and fungal cells so that the drugs don't harm our cells - since fungal cells have chitin and we don't, antifungal drugs can be made to target the chitin cell walls