BIO 108: Heart Chambers & Valves

Be sure to enable [answer with definition] and [multiple choice]

__ is inferior pointy part of the Heart.

Apex

__ is superior flat part of the Heart.

Base

The __ (parietal) is the fibrous tissue that surrounds and stabilizes Heart.

Pericardium

The __ cavity is between parietal and visceral layers, contains pericardial fluid (serous).

Pericardial

__ is an infection of the pericardium.

Pericarditis

__ (visceral pericardium) is outer layer that covers the heart.

Epicardium

__ is middle layer, muscular wall of the heart.

Myocardium

__ is inner layer, smooth lining for heart chambers and continuous with blood vessels.

Endocardium

The __ Circuit carries blood to and from __ of lungs.

Pulmonary, gas exchange surfaces

The __ Circuit carries blood to and from __.

Systemic, the body

The __ carry blood away from heart.

Arteries

The __ carry blood to heart.

Veins

The __ are networks between arteries and veins, and exchange materials between blood and tissues.

Capillaries

What is small, have single central nucleus, and branching interconnections between cells?

Cardiac muscle cells

What are interconnect cardiac muscle cells, and secured by desmosomes?

Intercalated discs

What convey force of contraction, and propagate action potentials?

Intercalated discs

What collects blood from systemic circuit?

Right atrium

The __ receives blood from superior & inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus?

Right atrium

What separates atria?

Interatrial septum

The __ valve is at the bottom of the right atrium.

Tricuspid

The __ pumps blood to pulmonary (lungs) circuit.

right ventricle

The right ventricle receives blood from __.

right atrium.

The right ventricle sends blood to __, thru the __.

pulmonary trunk, pulmonary valve.

What separates the ventricles?

Interventricular septum

What collects blood from pulmonary circuit?

Left atrium

The __ receives blood from: 4 __.

left atrium, pulmonary veins.

The left atrium sends blood to __, thru the __.

left ventricle, bicuspid valve.

What pumps blood to systemic circuit?

Left ventricle

The left ventricle receives blood from __.

left atrium.

The left ventricle sends blood to __, thru the __.

ascending aorta, aortic valve.

Some blood from the __ enters the coronary arteries.

ascending aorta

The __ holds the same volume as right ventricle.

left ventricle

The __ is larger; muscle is thicker, and more powerful.

left ventricle

Heart valves are __ valves that prevent backflow during contraction.

one-way

Right ventricle wall is __, and develops less pressure than left ventricle.

thinner

Right ventricle is __-shaped, and left ventricle is __-shaped.

pouch, round

Tricuspid valve connects __ to __.

right atrium, right ventricle.

Bicuspid (mitral) valve connects __ to __.

left atrium, left ventricle.

__ are cords that connect to the cusps.

Chordae tendinea

What contract during ventricular contraction?

Papillary muscles

Papillary muscles tense chordae tendineae to __.

prevent valves from swinging into atria.

__ is a failure of valves, causes backflow of blood in atria.

Regurgitation

The __ semilunar valve prevents backflow into right ventricle.

Pulmonary

The __ semilunar valve prevents backflow into left ventricle.

Aortic

The __ Vena Cava receives blood from head, neck, upper limbs, and chest.

Superior

The __ Vena Cava receives blood from trunk, and viscera, lower limbs.

Inferior

The __ coronary artery:

• Anterior interventricular artery

• Circumflex artery

Left

The __ coronary artery:

• Posterior interventricular artery

• Right marginal branch

Right

What interconnect anterior and posterior interventricular arteries.

Anastomoses

Cardiac veins return blood to __.

coronary sinus.

Coronary sinus opens into the __.

right atrium.

__ → ligamentum arteriosum - lets blood pass from pulmonary trunk to aorta (bypasses lungs).

Ductus arteriosus

What allows blood to pass from right atrium to left atrium, and seals off at birth, forming fossa ovalis?

Foramen ovale

__ is a single contraction of the heart.

Heartbeat

The entire heart contracts in series - first the __, then the __.

atria, ventricles.