Progressive Era Reforms: Muckrakers, Legislation, and Social Movements

Progressives

crusaders who wanted change

"Strengthen the State"

battle cry by progressives

Laissez faire

progressives didn't like

Bloated trusts

trusts that were corrupted and monopolizing

Lloyd

wrote a book against the Standard Oil Company: Wealth Against Commonwealth

Veblen

attacked rich in The Theory of Leisure Class

Riis

report for New York Sun reported about slums called How the Other half Lives

Dreiser- battled promoters and profiteers, wrote The Financier, The Titan

Social Gospel

Demanded better living conditions for urban poor

McClure's, Cosmopolitan, Collier's, Everybody's

Magazines that dug deep into dirt

Muckrakers

reporters who looked towards the bad things in society

Pilgrim's Progress

where Roosevelt got the name for Muckrakers

Steffens

Launched series of articles in McClure's

shame of the cities

series of articles in the McClures by Steffens

Tarbell

journalist who exposed Standard oil company

Lawson

speculator who exposed accomplices in Frenzied Finance, died poor

Phillips

wrote The Treason of the Senate in the Cosmopolitan

Baker

wrote Following the Color Line, talked about black illiterates

Spargo

wrote The Bitter Cry of the Children, about child labor

Wiley

chief chemist at department of agriculture, did experiments on himself with his "poison squad"

Initiative

voters directly propose legislation

Referendum

placed laws on ballot for final approval by the people

Recall

Enabled voters to remove faithless elected officials

Australian ballot

Where voters vote is anonymous

Millionaires Club

Rich men

"Fighting Bob" La Follette

Crusader who was governor and took control from corruption and gave it to the people, Governor of Wisconsin

Johnson

California governor who broke grip of railroads in California

Hughes

Governor of NY reformer who used to investigate corruption

Separate spheres

idea that women were only for the home

National Consumers League, Women's Trade Union League, where women were active

Kelley

illinois first chief factory inspector

Muller v. Oregon

Women got fewer working hours in factories

Brandeis

Attorney who was for the women in the Muller v. Oregon case

Lochner v. New York

Invalidated law establishing ten hour work days for bakers, win for big corporations

Triangle Shirtwaist Company

factory that caught fire, showed safety hazards in factories

146

factory workers who were killed in triangle shirtwaist company fire

Corner saloons

where progressives talked

Willard

leader of Women's Christian Temperance Union

Square Deal

attempt to balance big corporations and the poor workers by Roosevelt

Baer

said that workers would be cared by christian men not labor agitators (for miner owners)

Elkins Act

prohibited rebates for railroads

Northern Securities Company

railroad holding company by hill and jp morgan, was attacked by roosevelt

The Jungle

book written by sinclair about meat packing industry

Meat Inspection Act

prep of meat had to be inspected

Pure Food and Drug Act

Prevented adulteration and mislabeling of food

Desert Land Act

government sold arid land and the purchaser had to water it

Forest Reserve Act

president set aside national parks

Pinchot

head of federal division of forestry

Newlands Act

use funds to develop irrigation projects in desert

Boys Scouts of America

largest youth organization

Audubon Society

save wild birds organization

Hetch Hetchy Valley

case in Yosemite where people didn't know whether to build a dam or keep the wilderness

Aldrich Vreeland Act

authorized national banks to issue emergency currency

Dollar diplomacy

Taft supporting of U.S. investments overseas

Knox

secretary of state, proposed Americans buy Manchurian railroads and turn them over to china

Payne-Aldrich Bill

high rates on imports, Taft said it was the greatest bill

Ballinger-Pinchot quarrel

when taft and roosevelt fought because they supported different people