What are alcohols?

What is the general formula for alcohols?

C_nH_2n+1OH

Alcohols are formed when…

halogenoalkanes undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with aqueous hydroxides

We call a molecule an alcohol if it’s an alkane where a hydrogen is replaced by a(n)...

OH/hydroxyl group

What’s the name of this molecule?

propan-1-ol

How we classify alcohols depends on the number of...

carbons bonded to the C-OH carbon.

Is this alcohol primary, secondary or tertiary?

tertiary

is this alcohol primary, secondary or tertiary?

primary

What’s the name of this molecule?

pentane-3,3-diol

What’s the name of this molecule?

ethane-1,1-diol

What’s the name of this molecule?

methanediol

diol

an alkane where 2 hydrogen(s) are replaced by hydroxyl groups.

What’s the name of this molecule?

butane-2,3-diol

The strongest intermolecular force between alcohol molecules is…

hydrogen bonding

volatillity

how easily a liquid evaporates

Because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, we say that the oxygen-hydrogen bond is....

polar

Are alcohols soluble in water?

highly soluble in water

In an alcohol Solubility decreases as the length of the carbon chain increases because…

nonpolar substances are highly insoluble in polar substances.

a greater region of the molecule is nonpolar.

why is methanol more soluble in water than butanol?

Butanol has a longer carbon chain than methanol

A smaller region of methanol is nonpolar

Predict whether ethanol or ethane-1,2-diol is more soluble in water.

Ethane-1,2-diol

has one more OH group than ethanol

This means that ethane-1,2-diol can form more hydrogen bonds with water molecules