Roots

Which roots evolved first

Early plants had no vascular tissue or roots, eventually lateral shoots (rhizomes)

Which roots evolved first

Adventitious roots are believed to evolve first, from rhizoids.

Adventitious roots

Can form in any vascular plants, derive from shoots

Roots from other roots

Taproots emerging from seed plants, posses a radicle unliek adventitious roots. In some monocots, the radicle dies off and adventitious roots remain

What is the columella and state the function 

its the middle region of the root cap and it hosues the stratoliths, which are amyloplasts that guide the root towards the direction of gravity

Zones of the longitudal section

Zone of elongation- where growth occurs, some tissue differentiation

Zone of differentation- where the stele matures? and root hairs (trichomes) elongate. 

What section of the root is undifferentiated 

The pericycle 

How do branching lateral roots develop

The pericycle helps the branching lateral roots develop,

What does the endodermis of roots produce

How does secondary growth in roots occur?

The pericycle produces cork cambium, which also divides and produces secondary cortex

Casparian strip, function and