Chapter 4 study guide

Critical thinking and problem solving + review questions

critical thinking -

creative action based on professional knowledge and experience involving sound judgement applied with high ethical standards and integrity

critique -

type of evaluation that provides feedback on the quality of a work or creation in the form of an opinion or review

problem solving -

answering questions in a methodic manner to resolve a challenging situation

reflection -

use of recording in a journal and personal review of current and past practices to improve future decision - making process

Students in medical professions often learn to apply theories through the review of a real-life situation or scenario. What is this activity called?

case study

Which of the following is (are) characteristic of professional critical thinking?

all of the above

What is the first step involved in problem solving associated with critical thinking?

Identify and clarify the problem

The second step involved in problem solving associated with critical thinking is to undergo an objective examination of the problem. What element(s) of this step is (are) reflected below?

all of the above

What is the primary factor in determining the solution to the problem in critical thinking?

the solution that provides the best outcome for the patient

In what aspect of the education program for a radiologic science professional is the student exposed to real-life experiences that allow him or her to transfer knowledge into action?

clinical

Analyzing personal values and feelings and managing uncomfortable ethical situations are components of what type of critical thinking?

affective

Which of the following describes a situation in which technical critical-thinking skills are required?

A trauma patient has a broken femur, and specialized hip radiographs are required

You are working the 4:00 AM to midnight shift in the emergency room, and as you enter a room to identify your patient for a chest x- ray, you witness a nurse, the head nurse, preparing for an injection. As you peer through the door, you see her brush the needle against the bed sheet and then before you can say anything, she puts the needle into the patient’s vein. Identify the problem.

All of the above

For the scenario in question 9, which of the following would be the most appropriate next step in solving this problem?

Bring to the nurse’s attention that you saw the needle touch the sheet outside the patient room

1 -

identify the problem ( does problem exist? what is the problem? what is the cause of the problem? solving the problem is whose responsibility? )

2 -

investigate the problem ( what is known about the problem ? what are all the aspects of the problem ? how does it influence outcome? what are key elements of problem? who or what is or maybe affected? what are the safety, risks, and liability implications? what are the technical considerations? will more than one solution or type of solution be needed?)

3 -

formulate viable solution to the problem ( are your decisions regarding the problem objective and based on professional knowledge , ethics , or standards? how will these professional standards be applied and modified to fit the unique situation? what additional reliable information or expertise is needed? do any similar problems exisit that have been solved that can guide you? will a creative solution be needed for this problem?

4 -

select the best solution ( which solution will allow for the best care of the patient and is within professional ethical standards? does this solution correspond with the procedures and protocol for your institution? how quickly must the solution be enacted? how does your solution affect the patient’s outcome?

where do students apply knowledge from lecture/lab?

clinical settings + real world