brainstem and consciousness

brainstem

conduit for tracts which convey info from SC, cerebellum and the cerebrum, integration centre, and contains the nuclei and reticular formation

basilar

the anterior section of the brainstem which contains the descending tracts and the motor nuclei

motor

the basilar section of the brainstem helps w ___

tegmentum

the posterior section of the brain stem which contains the reticular formation, ascending tracts, sensory nuclei, cranial N nuclei and medial longitudinal fasciculus

vertical tracts

found in the brainstem to help sensory, motor and autonomic info pass through, originate or synapse onto other nuclei

midbrain

part of the brainstem which contains the substantia nigra involved in the BG circuit for movement

pons

in the brainstem and contains axons from cortex synapsing onto a nuclei here and post synaptic axons which enter the cerebellum through the middle cerebellar peduncle

true

the middle peduncle contains afferent axons from the pons containing integrated info from cortical areas

t or f

false

the middle peduncle contains efferent axons from the pons containing integrated info from cortical areas

t or f

true

info from the pontine nuclei contains cortical info to perform fine motor actions

t or f

false

info from the pontine nuclei contains cortical info to perform gross motor actions

t or f

medulla

part of the brainstem which contains the site where the corticospinal tract and the DCML crosses the midline and the pyramids which contains the CST

inferior olivary nucleus

found within the medulla and where climbing fibers originate and enters the cerebellum through the inferior cerebellar peduncle

reticular formation

a complex neural network distributed throughout the brainstem and projects to widespread areas of the brain through 4 nuclei and multiple tracts

integrate

the reticular formation ____ sensory and cortical information

true

the reticular formation is responsible for adjusting the general lvl of activity throughout the nervous system

t or f

false

the inferior olive nucleus is responsible for adjusting the general lvl of activity throughout the nervous system

t or f

regulate

the reticular formation _____ motor activity, autonomic fxn and consciousness

modulate

the reticular formation helps ___ nociceptive information

slow transmission

the reticular formation uses ____ which requires the NT to bind to a metabotrophic receptor to cause a cascade of events and 2nd messengers to widespread effects on ion channels

ventral trigeminal area

part of the reticular formation which helps w motivation and decision making

striatum (BG)

the ventral trigeminal area of the reticular formation acts on the _____

pedunculopontine nucleus

part of the reticular formation which helps w influencing movement/control walking

globus pallidus and subthal nucleus (BG), emotion system and reticulospinal tracts

the pedunculopontine nucleus of the reticular formation acts on the ____

raphe nuclei

part of the reticular formation which helps w modulating mood and regulate autonomic fxn and movement

brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord, cerebrum and limbic system

the raphe nuclei of the reticular formation acts on the ____

locus coeruleus and medial reticular zone

part of the reticular formation which helps w directing attention, inhibiting nociception signals, and regulating autonomic fxn

cortex, hypothalamus, spinal cord

the locus coeruleus and medal reticular zone of the reticular formation acts on the ___

consciousness

the combination of awareness and arousal

true

the brain stem helps with governing alertness, sleep and attention using the conscious system involving the reticular formation and the ascending reticular activating system

t or f

false

the brain stem helps with governing alertness, sleep and attention using the conscious system involving the reticular formation and the descending reticular activating system

t or f

locked in syndrome

occurs with damage to the ventral pons and caudal midbrain from a stroke leading to quadriplegia, retained cognitive abilities and preserved vertical eye and eyelid movement

state

consciousness as a ___ includes factors like being awake, asleep or in a coma

content

consciousness as a ______ includes the subjective experience of sensory perception or reflection of an experience

glasgow coma scale

assessment used to help measure the state of consciousness

neural correlates of consciousness

the min neural mechanisms jointly sufficient for any one conscious percept and is distinct from the enabling factors required for consciousness

private/intrinsic

from the integrated info theory of consciousness the _____ aspect of consciousness is accessible exclusively to owner of the brain

structured and specific

from the integrated info theory of consciousness the _____ aspect of consciousness is distinct from other conscious experiences

unified and definite

from the integrated info theory of consciousness the _____ aspect of consciousness is unable to separate parts of the experience without it ceasing to be what it is

neural correlates of consciousness

specific patterns of brain activity that must be present for a conscious experience to occur using feedback loops, and interactions bw different areas and neural networks

posterior hot zone

a part of the neural correlates of consciousness which is the main area of the brain related to consciousness to make a cohesive experience of the world