Transport Layer Protocols

TCP (Transmission Common Protocol)

Full-Duplex CONNECTION-ORIENTED protocol.
Employs a RELIABLE sessions

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

Simplex CONNECTIONLESS protocol. "
A CONNECTIONLESS “best-effort” communications protocol.

What does UDP not offer?

No Standard error detection (other than an optional packet checksum) or correction.
Does NOT use sequencing
Does NOT use flow control mechanisms
Does NOT use a preestablished session
Consider UNRELIABLE.

Why is TCP connection-oriented?

Because it employs a handshake process between 2 systems to establish a communication session.

When should UDP be used?

Should be used ONLY when the delivery of data is NOT essential.

UDP Use Case

Employed by real-time or streaming communications for audio and/or video.

What are common use cases for TCP?

TCP is well-suited for applications that require reliable, ordered, and error-checked data transmission. Common use cases include:

File Transfer:** FTP, SFTP, HTTP (for downloading files) * Remote Access: SSH, Telnet *
Email: SMTP *
Web Browsing: HTTP (for requesting web pages) * Database Access: SQL protocols