L13 - Innate Immunity

Vocabulary flashcards on the immune system lecture.

Immunity

Protection from infectious diseases caused by pathogens, bacteria, viruses, fungal infections, and parasites.

Immune Response

A coordinated response of cells, tissues and molecules for protection from infectious diseases and responding to non-infectious substances and damaged cells.

Tolerate

The ability of the immune system to not react to certain foreign or self-molecules.

Primary Immunodeficiency

Conditions resulting from a genetic mutation which directly affects an immune cell or an immune function

Secondary Immunodeficiency

Conditions may come from specific types of medication that may suppress their immune system

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Organs where immune cells develop; includes the bone marrow and thymus.

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Sites where mature immune cells reside and are primed; includes the spleen and lymph nodes.

Common Myeloid Progenitor

Cell lineage in bone marrow that gives rise to neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells.

Common Lymphoid Progenitor

Cell lineage in bone marrow that turns into lymphocytes.

Complement Proteins

Proteins made by the liver that target microbes directly

Antimicrobial Proteins

Proteins secreted by epithelial or immune cells that target microbes.

Cytokines

Secreted by cells, have receptors, communication for the immune system.

Innate Immunity

Immediate immune response composed of barriers, cells, and molecules, reacting to conserved structures shared by classes of microbes.

Evolutionarily Conserved Structures

Evolutionarily conserved structures shared by classes of microbes, targeted by the innate immune system.

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

Molecules expressed by microbes that the innate immune system recognizes as dangerous.

Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)

Molecules released by damaged or necrotic cells that the innate immune system recognizes as dangerous.

Pattern Recognition Receptors

the way that the innate immune system recognize patterns.

Phagocytosis

Ingestion and destruction of microbes by cells like neutrophils and macrophages.

NETs (Neutrophil Extracellular Traps)

Neutrophil extracellular traps; a method neutrophils use to entrap and kill pathogens outside the cell.

Inflammation

Normal tissue reaction that delivers immune cells and molecules to a site of infection or damage.

Histamine

Promotes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability during inflammation.

Extravasation

Process of leukocytes slowing down, adhering to, and squeezing through endothelial cells to enter the tissue.

Chemokine

Chemotactic cytokines, a special type of cytokine