HA

Genital Herpes

Caused by HSV; presents as small, painful, red-based, ulcer-like lesions.

SYPHILITIC CHANCRE

Red ulcers that are painless, develop at the site of contact, and are not associated with discharge.

Genital Warts

Caused by HPV; appear as moist, fleshy, painless lesions on the labia and vestibule.

Gonorrhea

A sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria.

Normal findings in a breast exam

Lymph nodes are not palpable.

Barrel chest

An abnormal chest shape characterized by a round, bulging appearance.

Kyphosis

Abnormal hunchback curvature of the spine.

Lordosis

A forward curvature of the lower back often seen in pregnant women.

Apex of the heart

Located 3-4 cm above the inner third of clavicles; S1 is loudest here.

Base of the heart

Rests on the diaphragm near the 6th rib; S2 is loudest here.

Bruit

A blowing, swishing sound indicating blood flow turbulence.

Thrill

A palpable vibration found during a cardiac exam.

Apical pulse

Located in the 5th intercostal space or inside the left midclavicular line.

Radial pulse scale

0 = absent, 1+ = weak, 2+ = normal, 3+ = increased, 4+ = bounding.

Edema rating

0 = none, 1+ = mild pitting, 2+ = moderate pitting, 3+ = deep pitting, 4+ = very deep pitting.

Systole

Pressure against the arterial walls while the heart is beating.

Diastole

Pressure against the arterial walls while the heart is at rest.

Palpate abdomen

To assess for tenderness, starting from light to deep in a circular motion.

PQRSTU Pain Assessment

Provocation, Quality, Region, Severity, Timing, and Understanding of the patient's pain.

Functional assessment

Evaluation of a patient's ability to perform basic activities of daily living (ADLs).

Glasgow Coma Scale

A scale used to assess a patient's level of consciousness based on eye opening, verbal response, and motor response.

BMI Calculation

Weight (kg)/height(m)² or (Weight (lbs)/height(in)²) x 703.

Confrontation testing

A test to evaluate peripheral vision.

Romberg Test

A test for balance by having the patient close their eyes.

Sinus assessment

Press both hands on the sinuses to test for tenderness or swelling.

Cranial Nerve I (Olfactory)

Tests the sense of smell using scents such as garlic or coffee.

Iris assessment

Observe the color of the eye that controls light admission.

Eyelid assessment

Assess the ability to blink, frequency of blinking, and position in relation to the iris.

Dry skin

A sign of dehydration; skin turgor should rebound immediately.

Macules

Flat, discolored spots on the skin.

Papules

Raised bumps on the skin that can be felt.