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elastically deformed
If an object goes back to its original shape after the force has been removed it has been elastically deformed
Inelastically deformed
If an object does not go back to its original shape after the force has been removed
Hookes law
States that the extension of elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied
Force equation ( hookes law)
Force = spring constant x extension
elastic potential energy equation
0.5 x spring constant x extension squared
The turning effect of a force (the moment) depends on three things
Size
Distance
Angle
How to increase the moment
Use a large force
Pull on the long end of the spanner ( far from the pivot point)
Pulling at 90°
Moment of a force equation
Moment = force x perpendicular distance from the pivot
Principle of moments
Sum of clockwise movements = sum of anti-clockwise movements
What are levers
A simple way of achieving mechanical advantage
The greater the length of the lever from the pivot to the applied force the easier it would be to lift the mass.
Each time you pass power from one gear wheel to another you can do one of three things
Increase speed
Increase force
Change direction