Rhythm Meter Tempo

1st Movements

• slow intro

• sonata allegro form

• slow intros often have double dotted notes

1st Mvts → Mendelssohn Italian

• no slow intro

• allegro 6/8 → unusual for 1st Mvts

1st Mvts → Beethoven 5

• 4 bar intro creates illusion of slower tempo

• varied tempo → oboe cadenza

• opening rhythmic motif dominates the movement

1st Mvts → Mahler 1

• slow intro →

• intro is interrupted 5x by piu mosso fanfare

• frequent tempo variation

2nd Movements

usually slow

2nd Mvts → Haydn 104

• sextuplets develop melody

• sturm and drang semiquavers → intensity

2nd Mvts → Mendelssohn Italian

• funeral march

• walking bass

3rd Movements

Minuet and Trio → Stately, 3/4, dance-like

3rd Mvts → Stamitz Op3 No2

• traditional example → Minuet + Trio

3rd Mvts → Haydn 104

• ¾ dance metre

• anacrusis develops into hemiola

3rd Mvts → Beethoven 3

• faster → scherzo (too fast to dance)

3rd Mvts → Tchaik 6

• waltz replaced by 5/4 dance

3rd Mvts → Mahler 1

• uses Austrian landler rhythms (different kind of dance)

4th Movements

fastest movement

4th Mvts → Haydn 104

• fast finale in cut common time

4th Mvts → Mendelssohn Italian

• very fast saltarello

4th Mvts → Tchaik 6

breaks convention → slowest mvt in symphony

1st Movement Order

• Mendelssohn Italian

• Beethoven 5

• Mahler 1

2nd Movement Order

• Haydn 104

• Mendelssohn Italian

3rd Movement Order

• Stamitz Op3 No2

• Haydn 104

• Beethoven 3

• Tchaik 6

• Mahler 1

4th Movement Order

• Haydn 104

• Mendelssohn Italian

• Tchaik 6