U.S. Industrialization, Economy, and Society in the Late 1800s

What is capitalism?

Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals own and control property and businesses, aiming for profit.

What factors encouraged industrialization in the U.S. in the late 1800s?

Factors included natural resources, technological advancements, a growing labor force, and increased investment in infrastructure.

What was the impact of Big Businesses on life in America?

Big Businesses led to economic growth, job creation, but also monopolies, labor exploitation, and increased wealth inequality.

What was the importance of the telegraph, telephone, and radio?

These inventions revolutionized communication, enabling faster information exchange and contributing to business and social connectivity.

What is Social Darwinism?

Social Darwinism is the belief that the principles of natural selection apply to human societies, justifying social inequality and imperialism.

What is collective bargaining?

Collective bargaining is the negotiation process between employers and a group of employees aimed at reaching agreements on working conditions and wages.

What is urbanization?

Urbanization is the process of population movement from rural areas to cities, leading to city growth and changes in lifestyle.

What was the Columbian Exposition?

The Columbian Exposition of 1893 was a world's fair held in Chicago to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the Americas.

What is a tenement?

A tenement is a type of building that houses multiple families, often associated with poor living conditions in urban areas.

What is conspicuous consumerism?

Conspicuous consumerism is the practice of purchasing goods to publicly display wealth and social status.

What is vaudeville?

Vaudeville is a theatrical variety show popular in the U.S. in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, featuring multiple acts such as music, comedy, and dance.

What role did baseball play in American society?

Baseball became a popular sport and a significant part of American culture, symbolizing leisure and community identity.

How did inventions like oil, steel, and electricity fuel economic growth?

These inventions led to increased production efficiency, the expansion of industries, and the development of new markets.

What was the significance of Labor Unions and government regulations?

Labor Unions advocated for workers' rights and better working conditions, while government regulations aimed to curb monopolistic practices and protect consumers.

What were the major impacts of immigration and urbanization on Northern cities?

Immigration contributed to population growth, cultural diversity, and labor supply, while urbanization led to overcrowding, infrastructure challenges, and social changes.

Who were Vanderbilt, Rockefeller, Carnegie, and J.P. Morgan?

They were influential industrialists who shaped the U.S. economy through their control of railroads, oil, steel, and finance.

What is the difference between horizontal integration and vertical integration?

Horizontal integration involves acquiring competitors to increase market share, while vertical integration involves controlling all aspects of production from raw materials to sales.

What are push and pull factors in immigration?

Push factors are conditions that drive people to leave their home country, while pull factors are attractions that draw them to a new country.

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