Exam 3 Anatomy Lab Conceptual Questions

What is the superior boundary of the nasopharynx?

The base of the skull

What is the inferior boundary of the nasopharynx?

The soft palate

What is the superior boundary of the oropharynx?

The soft palate

What is the inferior boundary of the oropharynx?

The epiglottis

What is the superior boundary of the laryngopharynx?

The epiglottis

What is the inferior boundary of the laryngopharynx?

The cricoid cartilage

How many lobes does the right lung have?

3 lobes

How many lobes does the left lung have?

2 lobes

What is the orientation of the right primary bronchus?

Wider, shorter, more vertical

What is the orientation of the left primary bronchus?

Narrower, longer, more horizontal

What fissures are in the right lung?

Horizontal and oblique

What fissures are in the left lung?

Oblique only

How many secondary bronchi are in the right lung?

3 secondary bronchi

How many secondary bronchi are in the left lung?

2 secondary bronchi

How many tertiary bronchi are in the right lung?

~10

How many tertiary bronchi are in the left lung?

~8-10

What is the hilum of the lung?

The surface entry and exit point for structures.

the area through which the root of the lung passes, and point where visceral and parietal pleura connect

What is the root of the lung?

The collection of structures, including bronchi, vessels, and nerves, that enter and exit the lung.

What passes through the porta hepatis?

Portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct

What is the peritoneum?

Serous membrane lining abdominal cavity and organs

Which organs are intraperitoneal?

Stomach, liver, spleen, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon

Which organs are retroperitoneal?

Kidneys, pancreas (except tail), duodenum, ascending & descending colon, aorta, IVC

What structures are in the mediastinum?

Heart, thymus, trachea, esophagus, great vessels, thoracic duct, vagus & phrenic nerves

What are the two primary types of pericardium?

Fibrous and serous

What is the function of the parietal layer of the serous pericardium?

It lines the fibrous pericardium

What is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium also known as?

The epicardium

What does the visceral layer of the serous pericardium cover?

The heart (epicardium)

What is the pericardial cavity?

The fluid-filled space located between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium

What structure connects the left pulmonary artery to the aortic arch?

Ligamentum arteriosum

What determines coronary dominance?

Which artery gives rise to the PDA (posterior descending artery)

What is a vena comitans?

Paired veins accompanying an artery

What is an example of vena comitans in the chest wall?

Internal thoracic artery and veins

What vein drains the anterior chest wall and pericardium?

Internal thoracic vein

What vein drains the brain, face, and neck?

Internal jugular vein

What vein drains the face and scalp?

External jugular vein

What vein drains the anterior neck?

Anterior jugular vein

Which artery supplies the thyroid, larynx, and sternocleidomastoid?

Superior thyroid artery

Which artery supplies superficial facial structures?

Facial artery

Which artery supplies deep facial structures?

Maxillary artery

Which artery supplies the temporal region and parotid gland?

Superficial temporal artery

Which artery supplies the superior and posterior neck muscles?

Occipital artery

Which arteries are responsible for supplying the brain?

Internal carotid and vertebral arteries

What structure is supplied by the internal thoracic artery?

The anterior chest wall and the pericardium

What artery supplies deep neck muscles and 1st/2nd intercostal spaces?

Costocervical trunk

Which artery provides blood to the inferior portion of the thyroid?

Inferior thyroid artery

Which artery is responsible for supplying the upper back muscles?

Dorsal scapular artery

What structure is supplied by the suprascapular artery?

The shoulder joint

What superficial veins drain the arm?

Cephalic and basilic

What deep veins drain the arm?

Brachial → axillary → subclavian

What artery supplies the pectoral muscles?

Thoracoacromial artery

What artery supplies the deltoid?

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

What artery supplies the subclavius?

Clavicular branch

What artery supplies the acromion?

Acromial branch

What artery supplies the lateral chest wall?

Lateral thoracic artery

What artery supplies upper back muscles?

Subscapular artery

What artery supplies shoulder joint and delts?

Circumflex humeral arteries

What artery supplies posterior arm?

Deep brachial artery

What artery supplies lateral forearm?

Radial artery

What artery supplies medial forearm?

Ulnar artery

What artery supplies superficial palm?

Superficial palmar arch

What artery supplies the fingers?

Digital arteries

What artery supplies deep palm?

Deep palmar arch

What artery supplies dorsal hand?

Dorsal carpal arch

What artery supplies posterior intercostals?

Thoracic aorta

What artery supplies thoracic and abdominal walls?

Aorta branches

What artery supplies thymus and sternum?

Internal thoracic artery

What arteries supply gluteal muscles?

Superior and inferior gluteal

What artery supplies adductors?

Obturator artery

What artery supplies perineum and external genitalia?

Internal pudendal artery

What veins drain intercostal spaces?

Azygos system

What veins drain the lower limb?

Great and small saphenous

What veins drain glutes and adductors?

Internal iliac veins

What vein drains perineum and genitalia?

Internal pudendal vein

What structure separates external iliac from femoral vessels? (femoral triangle)

Inguinal ligament

What forms the femoral triangle?

nguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus

What artery supplies upper femur?

Medial circumflex femoral

What arteries supply the thigh?

Femoral and deep femoral

What arteries supply the knee?

Genicular arteries

What artery supplies anterior leg?

Anterior tibial

What artery supplies dorsal foot?

Dorsalis pedis

What artery supplies lateral leg?

Fibular artery

What artery supplies sole of foot?

Posterior tibial → plantar arteries

What artery supplies lesser curvature of stomach?

Left gastric

What arteries supply greater curvature of stomach?

Right and left gastroepiploic

What arteries supply pancreas and duodenum?

Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal

What artery supplies the liver?

Hepatic artery proper

What artery supplies gallbladder?

Cystic artery

What artery supplies spleen?

Splenic artery

What artery supplies jejunum and ileum?

Superior mesenteric artery

What artery supplies cecum and appendix?

Ileocolic artery

What artery supplies ascending colon?

Right colic artery

What artery supplies transverse colon?

Middle colic artery

What artery supplies descending and sigmoid colon?

Inferior mesenteric artery

What artery supplies rectum?

Superior rectal artery

What artery supplies kidneys?

Renal artery

What artery supplies gonads?

Gonadal arteries

What vein drains the intestines, spleen, pancreas, and stomach?

Portal vein

What veins form the portal vein?

Superior mesenteric + splenic

What veins drain the rectum?

Superior rectal (portal), middle & inferior (systemic)

What vein drains the right adrenal gland?

inferior vena cava