[ODOD1] WEEK 4-5

Thyroid Eye Diseases

a rare autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the muscles, fat, and connective tissues surrounding the eyes

Graves' ophthalmopathy

What is another name for thyroid eye diseases?

Eyelid Retraction

Bulging Eyes (Proptosis)

Irritation & Dryness

Double Vision (Diplopia)

Pain & Pressure

Vision Loss

Key Symptoms of Thyroid Eye Disease

orbital septum

The most significant anatomical dividing line for these infections is the (BLANK), a thin membrane stretching from the eyelids to the bony rim of the eye

Infections Affection the Orbit

(the bony socket containing the eyeball, muscles, fat, and nerves) are critical medical conditions that require rapid evaluation. The most significant anatomical dividing line for these infections is the orbital septum, a thin membrane stretching from the eyelids to the bony rim of the eye

Orbital Myositis

Dacryoadenitis

Optic Perineuritis:

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Subtypes of Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Syndrome (IOIS)

Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Syndrome (IOIS)

a non-infectious, non-cancerous inflammatory condition of the eye socket that causes painful swelling and mimics a tumor.

Orbital Myositis

a rare inflammatory condition that affects one or more of the extraocular muscles—the muscles responsible for controlling eye movement.

Dacryoadenitis

Inflammation of the lacrimal gland.

Optic Perineuritis

a rare inflammatory disorder that affects specifically the outer covering (sheath) surrounding the optic nerve, while generally sparing the nerve fiber core itself.

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

a rare condition that causes severe, one-sided headaches and painful eye muscle weakness due to inflammation behind the eye.

Orbital pseudotumor

Other term for Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Syndrome (IOIS).

Diagnostic & Treatment Framework for IOIS

(Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Syndrome (IOIS))

High-Resolution Imaging

Biopsy

Medical Management

Vascular Malformations of the Orbit

Congenital structural abnormalities of the blood or lymphatic vessels within the eye socket

Venous Malformations

Distensible Venous Malformations

Lymphatic / Venolymphatic Malformations

No Flow / Low-Flow Orbital Vascular Malformations (Hemodynamic Flow)

Arteriovenous Malformations

Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas

High-Flow Malformations (Hemodynamic Flow)

No-Flow / Low-Flow Malformations

High-Flow Malformations

Classification by Hemodynamic Flow

Venous Malformations

• Formerly often called “cavernous hemangioma”

• Congenital vascular malformation composed of abnormally formed, dilated venous channels with slow blood flow, caused by developmental abnormalities of the venous vasculature.

• A collection of wide, blood-filled spaces lined with normal cells, rather than a true growing tumor.

Distensible Venous Malformations (Orbital Varices)

• Distensible, low-flow venous malformation or anomalous orbital venous channel that communicates with the orbital venous system and enlarges when venous pressure increases.

• a rare, stretched vein in the eye socket that swells and causes the eye to bulge when you strain or bend forward.