Computer 10 Quick Memory Guide

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering computer generations, hardware components, ports, and motherboard parts as outlined in the Computer 10 lecture notes.

Computer

Takes data, processes it, and gives information.

1st Generation

Vacuum Tubes

2nd Generation

Transistors

3rd Generation

Integrated Circuits (IC)

4th Generation

Microprocessors

5th Generation

AI

Supercomputer

Very powerful computer.

Mainframe

Handles many users and lots of data.

Minicomputer

Medium-sized computer.

Personal Computer

Computer design for one user.

Embedded Computer

A computer built into another device.

Hardware

Physical parts of a computer you can touch.

Input

The stage where data is entered via devices like Keyboard or Mouse.

Processing

The stage where the CPU processes data.

Output

The stage that shows results via devices like a Monitor or Printer.

Storage

The stage that saves data via HDD or SSD.

CPU

The brain of the computer that processes data and instructions.

RAM

Temporary memory.

HDD

Storage with slower speed and moving parts.

SSD

Faster storage with no moving parts.

Motherboard

The main circuit board that connects all computer parts.

PSU

Provides power to the computer.

USB-A

Common USB connector.

USB-B

Connector usually used for printers.

USB-C

Small and reversible connector.

PS/2

Old connector for keyboard and mouse.

Serial

Old connection type.

Parallel

Old printer connection.

VGA

Older video connector.

HDMI

Connector for both Video and Audio.

DisplayPort

Connector for both Video and Audio.

RJ45

Port used for Ethernet and Networking.

Audio Jack

Port for Headphones, Mic, or Speakers.

IEC C13/C14

Power connection type.

Optical Drive

Component that reads CDs and DVDs.

Expansion Card

Adds extra features to the computer system.

AVR

Helps regulate power.

Disassembly Process

Turn off → Unplug → Open case → Remove parts carefully.

CPU Socket

The specific place on the motherboard that holds the CPU.

RAM Slots

Holds the RAM on the motherboard.

Power Connectors

Supplies power to the components.

Northbridge

Manages high-speed communication between CPU and RAM.

Southbridge

Manages slower devices and I/O (Input/Output).

CMOS

Stores basic settings.

BIOS

Starts and checks hardware.

IDE

Older storage connector.

SATA

Current storage connection.

AGP

Older graphics slot.

PCI

Older expansion slot.

PCIe

Newer and faster expansion slot.

Front Panel Pins

Pins for Power, Reset, and LEDs.