intestinal obstruction

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Last updated 6:55 PM on 7/20/26
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8 Terms

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Causes

Mechanical or ileus

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Mechanical causes

Small bowel :

  1. Adhesion

  2. Incarcerated hernia

  3. Inflammatory bowel disease

  4. Congenital anomalies

  5. Foregin body

Lage bowel:

  1. Cancer

  2. Diverticulitis with stricture

  3. Sigmoid volvulus

  4. Fecal impaction

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Symptom

  1. Crampy , intermittent, progressive abdominal pain

  2. No motion , no flatus

  3. Vomiting ( bilious in proximal , feculent in distal )

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Sign

  1. Abdominal distention

  2. Localized or general tenderness

  3. Presence of surgical scar, hernia, mass

  4. Precussion > tympanic

  5. Active high-pitched bowel sound

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Diagnosis

Suspect an any pt.

  1. Distension

  2. Abd. Pain

  3. Vomiting

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Risk factor

  1. Prev. Surgury

  2. Bed ridden

  3. Radiotherapy

  4. Anticholinergic drug

  5. Hernia

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  1. Investigation

  1. CBC ( >20.000 in peritonitis - elevated hematocrit in dehydration )

  2. Electrolyte

  3. blood urea nitrogen

  4. Lactate

  5. Coagulation profile

  6. Erect abd X-ray

  7. CT with contrast

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  1. Treatment

  1. Rehydration with IV fluid

  2. NG tube for decompresion

  3. - pipracillin/tazobactam 3.375g IV every 6 hr , - tircarcillin/ clavulanate 3.1g IV every 6 hr - cefotaxime 2g or ceftriaxone 2g. + clindamycin 600mg or metronidazole 1g. - meropenem 1g IV every 8 hr