Genetics Exam one Practice

What Mendel called “factors,” we now call ____.

 

​genes

The nucleotide sequence encoded in a gene defines the ____ that make up proteins.

​amino acids

The decline of the eugenics movement in the U.S. in the early 20th century resulted from ____.

​its misuse for social and political purposes by the Nazis

Genetics is defined as the scientific study of ____.

​heredity

The structure of a DNA molecule is referred to as a "double helix".

True

Mitotic divisions reduce the number of chromosomes found in daughter cells.

false

Ribosomes are organelles that are involved in ____.

protein synthesis

The Hayflick limit describes ____.

the number of divisions a cultured cell can undergo

Proteins function ____

as component parts of enzymes

​Which biomolecule is most associated with the structure and function of cell membranes?

phospholipids

​Independent assortment means that the ____.

segregation of one gene pair occurs as if no other gene pair was present

A locus is ____.

​the location of a gene on a chromosome

​In his monohybrid crosses, Mendel deduced that one trait was recessive because that trait was ____.

​not present in the F₁ and reappeared in the F₂

​The topic of ____, the idea of the fundamental unit of living organisms, raised several questions in Mendel’s mind about inheritance.

​cell theory

​Recessive traits are expressed only in the homozygous state

True

​A pedigree is always able to provide enough information to rule out all but one possible pattern of inheritance.

False

​In autosomal dominant inheritance, ____.

two affected individuals may have unaffected children

Common recessive alleles present in a family can result in a pedigree that looks like ____ inheritance.

​autosomal dominant

Y-linked traits are ____.

carried only by males and transmitted only to males

The X and Y chromosomes ____.

play major roles in determining the sex of an individual

Gregor Mendel

claimed that each individual carries a pair of “factors” for a given trait

Genes are precisely copied during the process of DNA replication and never undergo any change

False

Karyotypes are used to

diagnose or rule out certain genetic disorders

The decline of the eugenics ,ovement in the U.S in the early 20th century resulted from

its misuse for social and political purpose by the Nazis

Genetics is defined as the scientific study of

heredity

Males never give an X chromosome to any of their sons

true

Aproximaly ___ t-linked genes have been discovered

60

Mitochondria are transmitted from mothers to

all of their children through the cytoplasm of the egg

Altenate forms of a gene are called

alleles

The offspring (F1) resulting from the cross between two red flowered plants are 3/4 red and 1/4 white. The most likely genotype of both red flowered parental plants(P1) is__

heterozygous